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Fingerprinting

Learn about the accuracy and interpretation of DNA profiling in forensic investigations. Explore the reliability of fingerprinting and DNA evidence, along with common challenges in interpreting DNA profiles.

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Fingerprinting

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  1. The science: accuracy, reliability and interpretationAndrew P. Read Professor of Human Genetics, University of Manchester

  2. Fingerprinting • A cornerstone of forensic crime scene investigation • A fingerprint ‘match’ is a matter of expert opinion • There have been several criminal cases where fingerprint evidence has proven flawed (rare), e.g. Brandon Mayfield

  3. DNA profiling • Sample obtained from suspect, volunteer or crime scene • Used to create DNA profile, which is entered onto DNA Database • ‘Biological sample’ is also stored indefinitely

  4. Using DNA evidence • Profile on database: 13,14; 29,30; 16,18; 16,17; 15,18; 11,12; 18,19; 14; 6,3.5; 16,18; X,Y. • Each profile is one in a billion • Crime scene or subject DNA can be checked against profiles on Database • A match with a complete profile provides powerful evidence • DNA evidence alone is not sufficient to prove guilt – other evidence needed

  5. The interpretation of DNA • Complete profiles provide robust and reliable evidence • Problems with: • Mixed samples • Partial profiles • Contamination • Very small samples • DNA can only confirm presence at a crime scene

  6. Other uses of DNA • Familial searching • Ethnic inferencing • Surnames ? • DNA ‘photofits’ ?? • Health-related information ??? Profile on database: 13,14; 29,30; 16,18; 16,17; 15,18; 11,12; 18,19; 14; 6,3.5; 16,18; X,Y.

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