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Fruit Research at icipe Sunday Ekesi African fruit fly programme. Interest Group Meeting on High Value Fruits Research, Nairobi, 06.06.07. Fruit Research at icipe – Presentation outline. Background to on-going research activity on fruit
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Fruit Research at icipe Sunday Ekesi African fruit fly programme Interest Group Meeting on High Value Fruits Research, Nairobi, 06.06.07
Fruit Research at icipe – Presentation outline • Background to on-going research activity on fruit • One relevant research activity and gaps to be filled • Relevance to CGIAR System Priorities • Critical need for new collaboration • Potential for funding and strategy
Fruit Research at icipe • Target crops: mango,citrus, banana, papaya & passion fruit • Constraints: • Production system – Insect pests & disease diagnosis, IPM, technology transfer, Natural Resource Management • Germplasm conservation/ evaluation/ exchange (collection & compilation) • Breeding for preferred end user traits: markers for biotic and abiotic stress • Post harvest handling, storage and processing • Invasion and problems of phytosanitary management • Marketing • Databasing/ information exchange
Fruit Research at icipe • 1999-2007: African Fruit Flies Initiative (AFFI) – Donor (IFAD) - Target crop: Mango, limited activities on citrus, banana, papaya - Target countries (Core operations: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda) • 2007-2010: Mango IPM project – Donor (BMZ) - Target countries (Benin, Kenya & Tanzania) • Relevant to CGIAR system priority 3A: - Increasing income from fruits and vegetables
African Fruit Fly Initiative (Reseau Africain de la Mouche de Fruits) Accomplishments • Extensive programme network established (10 African countries) • Food baits and traps developed for monitoring and suppression • Entomopathogenic fungi developed (undergoing registration) • Exotic parasitoids introduced & native ones shipped to partners • IPM package (bait, fungus and orchard sanitation) field tested • Quarantine sensitive tools developed and disseminated to NPPOs • Capacity building – training of PhDs & MScs African Fruit Flies Initiative IFAD: 1999-2007
Major Research Gaps – AFFI IFAD mango • Other insect pests (outside fruit flies) and disease problems - need for an IPM approach targeting all pests & diseases • Postharvest treatment, storage, processing technologies and value addition • Classical biological control targeting invasive pest species • Pilotproduction facility for bio-pesticides and attractants/baits to meet large scale application by farmers • Monitoringtools and phytosanitary systems to guard against invasive pest species, e.g. expanding invasive pest complex on major fruits
Major Research Gaps – AFFI IFAD mango • NRM practices – water and nutrient management requirements, low cost irrigation technologies • Low supply of improved mango varieties with preferred end use traits (pest/disease resistance, high yield, non-fibrous, post harvest quality etc) • Linking farmers to market and information systems • Regulatory framework, certification, policy dialogue • Capacity building at various levels of competencies • Awareness campaigns on nutritional values of fruits
Activities • Elucidate the biology and ecology of target pests • Assess the role of indigenous and exotic natural enemies • Develop new technologies suitable for smallholder • Identified and tested exotic natural enemies • Assemble, validate and implement IPM package • Link farmers to market & processing information Mango IPM BMZ: 2007-2010 Top right:Bactrocera invadens Top left:Sternochetus mangiferae Down:Rastrococcus iceryoides
Critical needs for new collaborative research • Post harvest • Develop parameters, best-bet innovations • Low cost processing, packaging, storing and shipment • Bio-pesticides and attractants/baits for pests • Formulation techniques, • Cost-effective production methods, registration/commercialization • Diseases management • Collaborate with experts in other institutions • Integration of fruits into farming system • Systems agronomists in specialist CGIAR centres
Critical needs for new collaborative research • Market efficiency and entrepreneurial development • Market intelligence & information systems • Smallholder linkages to market • Germplasm conservation/ availability/ exchange/ propagation • Conservation • Priority crops for propagation, stress reaction • Seed/ planting material sanitation and micro-propagation • Irrigation • Low cost technologies, micro-irrigation, fertigation • Need to expand researchto citrus, banana, papaya & passion fruit
Funding needs & strategy • Relates largely to research gaps listed earlier • Current traditional donors of icipe: • IFAD, BMZ, USAID • GlobalHort • FAO/WHO Fruits and Vegetable Initiative • USAID Horticulture CRSP • Alignment with CP on HVC • Need to expand operations to other countries
Lessons from the various research activities • There is the need for understanding the synergy between different development partners – limit undue research fragmentation • Single bullet management approach is inefficient • Interventions should be geared towards compliance with export market (also help boost domestic urban market) • Standards required for export market increase adoption of new technologies • Stringent market requirements (certification) threatens smallholders • Certain management packages are expensive for smallholder (need for local product development)
Lessons from the various research activities • Need to link farmers to marketing channels • Access to improve varieties • Organise farmers into functional working group to help technology diffusion • Poor phytosanitary management skill threatens invasion by alien pests • Need for tools and extension materials to support technology dissemination • Promote awareness on nutritional value of fruits