1 / 15

Periodic Table Grouping Elements

Discover the characteristics and shared properties of elements in Groups 1 & 2, Transition Metals, Lanthanides, Actinides, Metalloids, Group 13-16, Nonmetals, Halogens, Noble Gases, and Hydrogen. Learn about their reactivity, outer level electrons, and diverse applications in industries.

deborahturner
Download Presentation

Periodic Table Grouping Elements

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Periodic Table Grouping Elements

  2. Groups 1 & 2 -most reactive elements -only have 1 or 2 electrons in outer level, so can easily give away electrons -so reactive they are only found combined with other elements in nature

  3. Group 1: Alkali Metals -Outer level electrons - 1 -Reactivity - very reactive -Other Shared Properties - soft, silvery, shiny, low density -members - Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium

  4. Group 2: Alkaline-earth Metals -Outer level electrons - 2 -Reactivity - very reactive (less than alkali metals) -Other shared properties - silver-colored, more dense than alkali metals -Members - Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Radium

  5. Groups 3 - 12: Transition Metals -Outer Level Electrons - 1 or 2 -Reactivity - less than alkaline-earth metals -Other Shared Properties - shiny, conduct thermal energy & electric current well, higher densities & melting points (except mercury) than Groups 1 & 2 EXAMPLES: Mercury, Gold, Iron, Titanium

  6. Lanthanides and Actinides -transition metals from Period 6 & 7 -placed at bottom of table to keep it from being too long -properties of elements in each row tend to be similar -also called rare-earth metals Lanthanides -follow Lanthanum -shiny, reactive -used to make steel Actinides -follow Actinium -all atoms are radioactive (unstable) -can change into atoms of other elements -every one after #92 (Uranium) is artificially created -Americium is used in small amounts in smoke detectors

  7. Groups 13-16: Groups with Metalloids -table shifts from metals to nonmetals -each group contains at least one metalloid -all but one contain at least one nonmetal

  8. Group 13: Boron Group -Outer Level Electrons - 3 -Reactivity - Reactive -Other Shared Properties - solid @ room temperature -Members - Boron, Aluminum, Gallium, Indium, Thallium, Ununtrium -Boron is a metalloid -Aluminum is the most common member (most abundant metal in Earth's crust) -used for lightweight automobile & aircraft parts, cans, foil, and wire

  9. Group 14: Carbon Group -Outer Level Electrons - 4 -Reactivity - Varies -Other Shared Properties - solid @ room temperature -Members - Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead, Flerovium -Carbon is a nonmetal that is essential to life on Earth -Silicon & Germanium are metalloids used in computer chips -Tin is useful because it is not very reactive

  10. Group 15: Nitrogen Group -Outer Level Electrons - 5 -Reactivity - Varies -Other Shared Properties - All but Nitrogen are solid @ room temperature -Members - Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, Bismuth, Ununpentium -Nitrogen (gas @ room temperature) makes up 80% of the atmosphere -Nitrogen is fairly unreactive, but is combined with Hydrogen to make ammonia -Phosphorus is highly reactive & is not found alone in nature

  11. Group 16: Oxygen Group (Chalcogens) -Outer Level Electrons - 6 -Reactivity - Reactive -Other Shared Properties - All but Oxygen are solid @ room temperature -Members - Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium, Polonium, Livermorium -Oxygen makes up 20% of the atmosphere, is necessary for things to burn, and is needed by animals for life processes -Sulfur is used to make sulfuric acid (most widely used compound in chemical industry)

  12. Groups 17 & 18: Nonmetals Only -members of group 17 are the MOST reactive nonmetals -members of group 18 are the LEAST reactive nonmetals

  13. Group 17: Halogens -Outer Level Electrons: 7 -Reactivity: very reactive -Other Shared Properties: Poor conductors of electric current, react violently with alkali metals to form salts, never found alone in nature -Members: Flourine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine, Ununseptium -only need to gain one electron to have a complete outer level -combine readily, especially with metals -physical properties differ greatly -Chlorine & Iodine are both used as disinfectants, chlorine in water treatment & iodine in hospitals

  14. Group 18: Noble Gases -Outer Level Electrons: 8 (Helium has 2) -Reactivity: Unreactive -Other Shared Properties: colorless, odorless gases @ room temperature -Members: Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon, Ununoctium -unreactive because outer levels are complete -all found in atmosphere in small amounts -Argon is most abundant and is used to fill lightbulbs because it doesn't react with the metal filament -Helium is not very dense, so it is used to make blimps and weather balloons float -the Noble Gases are often used in "neon" signs because they produce colored light when introduced to an electrical current

  15. Hydrogen Stands Alone -Outer Level Electrons: 1 -Reactivity: reactive -Other Properties: colorless, odorless gas @ room temperature, reacts explosively with Oxygen -its properties don't match those of any group -it is placed above the Alkali metals because it only has 1 outer level electron -its physical properties are like those of nonmetals -it is the most abundant element in the universe -used in fuels (rocket fuel, hydrogen cars)

More Related