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Greece

Greece. Legacy: Contributions to Democracy. Recent Democratic Movements. Tiananmen Square China - 1989 Falling of the Berlin Wall, E. Germany – 1989 South African Elections 1994. The Geography of Greece. ATHENS: Yesterday & Today. Phidias’ Acropolis. The Acropolis Today. The Parthenon.

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Greece

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  1. Greece Legacy: Contributions to Democracy

  2. Recent Democratic Movements • Tiananmen Square China - 1989 • Falling of the Berlin Wall, E. Germany – 1989 • South African Elections 1994

  3. The Geography of Greece

  4. ATHENS: Yesterday & Today

  5. Phidias’ Acropolis

  6. The Acropolis Today

  7. The Parthenon

  8. The Agora

  9. The Classical Greek “Ideal”

  10. Olympia

  11. The Ancient Olympics:Athletes & Trainers

  12. Olympia: Temple to Hera

  13. The 2004 Olympics

  14. Athens, Greece • 1st democracy • 2000 BC Greek civilization starts • City States; isolated along rocky coast • Each self governed – Athens largest • 683 BC: Citizens (Male residents) elect 3 members of the Aristocracy (privileged class) to rule • Advised by council of former rulers

  15. Solon’s Reforms • 600 BC – Athens has huge Economic Problems • Farmers in debt to wealthy landowners • Crops • Land • Slavery • Solon outlaws slavery due to debt and cancelled farmers debts – War avoided!

  16. Under Solon • Increased participation in Gov’t (10%) • But Not women, slaves or foreign residents • Increased trade; but no land reforms • Continued conflicts between farmers and wealthy land owners

  17. After Solon • Many different rulers gain power by gaining support of the poor • Poor given land, voting rights and citizenship

  18. Cliesthenes • 508 BC – further reforms • Athens becomes true democracy • All citizens could propose laws • Council of 500 • Members chosen at random • Passed laws • Cliesthenes: Founder of Democracy in Athens

  19. Changes in Greek Democracy • Golden Age of Greece – 50 years • Direct Democracy • Paid gov’t officials and jurors…allows poor to participate in government • RESULT: Increased participation in government • When more participate….democracy grows.

  20. Golden “Age of Pericles”:460 BCE – 429 BCE

  21. Peloponnesian war • Athens vs Sparta (where Emery gets our name) • Democracy vs Military might • Sparta wins and disbands Delian League • Greece is weakened

  22. SPARTA

  23. SPARTA Helots Messenians enslaved by the Spartans.

  24. Peloponnesian Wars

  25. Fall of Greece • Macedonia led by King Phillip seizes opportunity and defeats weakened Greeks • Alexander the Great (son) rules as Monarch

  26. Greek Philosophers • Socrates • Q and A • Logic and Reason to investigate the universe, society and morality – seeking truth • Plato (student) – “Plato’s Republic”: wise should rule not the wealthy or most powerful • Aristotle (student): “Man is a political animal”

  27. Great Athenian Philosophers Socrates Question everything…only the pursuit of goodness brings happiness. Plato The Republic Who should rule? a philosopher-king People should do what they are good at…wise govern; strong fight

  28. Great Athenian Philosophers • Aristotle • Logic. • Scientific method. • Polis – unified for the common good – highest form of development

  29. Athens: The Arts & Sciences • DRAMA (tragedy): • Sophocles • Euripides • THE SCIENCES: • Pythagoras • Democritus  all matter made up of small atoms. • Hippocrates  “Father of Medicine”

  30. Greek contributions to Democracy • Standards in Politics and Philosophy • Didn’t rely on tradition or superstition – reason and intelligence to discover patterns they called Natural Laws • Developed direct Democracy • Citizens could participate in gov’t equally • First to use three branches of Gov’t • Executive, Legislative, Judicial

  31. Illustrated Mind Map • Create a “mind map” that demonstrates Greek contributions to democracy, philosophy and the arts and sciences. • Remember: Solon, Cliesthenes, Pericles • Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

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