Mitosis & Meiosis Review

Mitosis & Meiosis Review

Question # 1 • You would be unlikely to see which of the following human cells dividing? • Nerve cell • Skin cell • Cancer cell • Cell from embryo

Question # 2 • The person credited with first recognizing that living cells cannot arise spontaneously, but arise only from previously existing cells is ____________________. • Louis Pasteur • Robert Hooke • Anton van Leeuwenhoek • Rudolf Virchow

Question # 3 • Sister chromatids ___________________. • Are created when DNA is replicated • Are attached at the centromere prior to division • Are separated during mitosis • All of the above

Question # 4 • If an intestinal cell in a grasshopper contains 24 chromosomes, a grasshopper sperm cell would contain ________ chromosomes. • 3 • 6 • 12 • 48

Question # 5 • Mitosis & cytokinesis result in the formation of _______________; meiosis & cytokinesis result in the formation of _________________. • 4 diploid cells … 4 haploid cells • 2 diploid cells … 4 haploid cells • 2 diploid cells … 2 diploid cells • 4 haploid cells … 2 diploid cells

Question # 6 • A human somatic cell contains ________ chromosomes? • 23 • 47 • 46 • n

Question # 7 • The function of the cell cycle is to produce daughter cells that ____________. • Have the same number of chromatids as the parent cell had chromosomes • Have a random assortment of maternal and paternal chromosomes • Have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell but not the same genetic information • Are genetically identical to parent cell (assuming no mutation has occurred)

Question # 8 • The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a chromosome is properly called ____________. • A chromatid • A chloroplast • Chromatin • Chromoplast

Question # 9 • The region of a chromosome holding two double strands of replicated DNA together is called ____________. • A centromere • A centriole • A chromatid • An aster

Question # 10 • “Cytokinesis” refers to _______________. • Division of the entire cell • Division of the nucleus • Division of the cell outside the nuclear material • Reduction in the number of chromosomes

Question # 11 • If a cell contains 60 chromatids at the start of mitosis, how many chromosomes will be found in each daughter cell at the completion of the cell cycle? • 15 • 30 • 45 • 60

Question # 12 • A biochemist measured the amount of DNA in cells growing in the laboratory and found that the quantity of DNA in a cell doubled _______________. • Between prophase and anaphase • During the M phase of the cell cycle • Between the G2 phase and prophase • Between G1 and G 2 phases

Question # 13 • DNA replication occurs ______________. • In prophase of both mitosis and meiosis • In metaphase of meiosis only • In the S phase of interphase in both somatic and reproductive cells • In the cytokinesis portion of the cell’s life cycle

Question # 14 • At which point in the cell cycle do centrosomes begin to move apart to two poles of the cell in a dividing human liver cell? • S phase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase

Question # 15 • One event occurring during prophase is ___________. • The synthesis of a new nuclear envelope. • Cytokinesis • The beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus • Division of the centromere

Question # 16 • During anaphase of mitosis _________________. • The centromeres divide • The centrioles are at the opposite poles • Identical chromatids move to opposite poles • All of the above

Question # 17 • Which of the following represents a mismatch or incorrect description? • Prophase: chromosomes become more tightly coiled • Anaphase: there is movement of the chromosomes to the poles • Metaphase: the nuclear envelope disappears • Telophase: chromosomes become more extended

Question # 18 • In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during _______________. • Anaphase • G1 phase • Cytokinesis • prophase

Question # 19 • Which one of the following processes does NOT occur in dividing bacteria? • Mitosis • Replication of DNA • Separation of the origins of replication • Binary fission

Question # 20 • During binary fission in a bacterium ____________. • The 2 DNA molecules divide in half to form 4 DNA fragments • The origins of replication move apart • The 2 DNA molecules attach to the centrioles • The 2 DNA molecules break up into plasmids

Question # 21 • The function(s) of meiosis is (are) ______________. • Decreases the chromosome number to haploid • Introduce genetic variability into the daughter cells • Ensure that each daughter cell get a single copy of each cell’s chromosomes • All of the above

Question # 22 • Chromosomes of diploid organisms that are NOT involved in sex determination are called __________. • Autosomes • Mitotic chromosomes • Heterochromosomes • nucleosomes

Question # 23 • The egg (ovum) of a rabbit contains 22 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the somatic (body) cells of a rabbit? • 22 • 11 • 44 • 132

Question # 24 • What is the typical result when a diploid cell undergoes meiosis? • 2 diploid cells • 2 haploid cells • 4 diploid cells • 4 haploid cells

Question # 25 • A karyotype is _______________. • The physical traits a person has • A photograph of all a person’s chromosomes • A list of all the genes a person carries • All the possible gametes a person could produce

Question # 26 • Two chromosomes in a nucleus that carry genes for the same traits in the same loci, but specify different versions of the same traits, are called _____________. • Chromatic chromosomes • Sister chromatids • Homologous chromosomes • Differentiated chromosomes

Question # 27 • At the end of telophase I of meiosis and cytokinesis, there are _____________. • 2 diploid cells • 2 haploid cells • 4 haploid cells • 4 diploid cells

Question # 28 • Synapsis occurs during ______________. • Prophase I • Anaphase I • Cytokinesis • Prophase II

Question # 29 • During anaphase II ________________. • Chromosomes line up in one plane • Sister chromatids separate and migrate toward opposite poles • Nuclei re-form • Homologues separate and migrate toward opposite poles

Question # 30 • During anaphase I ________________. • Homologues separate and migrate toward opposite poles • Nuclei re-form • Sister chromatids separate and migrate toward opposite poles • The cell is haploid

Question # 31 • Regions of chromosomes where non-sister chromatids cross over are called ___________. • Chiasmata • Kinetochores • Centromeres • centrioles

Question # 32 • Which one of the following occurs in meiosis, but not mitosis? • The cells formed have the same combination of genes as found in the initial cell • Homologous chromosomes separate • The nuclear envelope disappears • A spindle apparatus forms

Question # 33 • Mitosis and meiosis differ in several ways. Meiosis, but not mitosis, _____________________. • Changes the chromosome number of the daughter cells • Results in 4 (rather than 2) daughter cells • Involves 2 bouts of cell division • Is correctly described by all of these statements

Question # 34 • Why is crossing over important? • It prevents variation in gametes • It is necessary for the attachment of chromosomes to the spindle • It ensures that homologous chromosomes pair • It allows the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes

Question # 35 • Meiosis is more complicated than mitosis because it carries our more complicated functions. Meiosis must __________________. • Undergo 2 rounds of cytokinesis • Decrease the chromosome number to haploid • Ensure that each daughter cell gets a complete set of chromosomes • Introduce genetic variation among the daughter cells

Mitosis & Meiosis Review