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Politics of Decentralization Key Problem. Most health experts see their role as technicians and see politics as an obstacle to getting the “right thing” done. Tools for Political Analysis. When decisions are made: Policy process sequences
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Politics of Decentralization Key Problem Most health expertssee their role as technicians and see politics as an obstacle to getting the “right thing” done.
Tools for Political Analysis • When decisions are made: Policy process sequences • How decisions are made: Decision-making models • Who makes decisions: Stakeholder analysis • Boundaries: Governance rules and Broader Contexts
Tools for Political Analysis 1-Policy Process Sequence • Signaling • Formulation - proposed policy change , participations • Aggregation – Advocacy, Bargaining, negotiating, lobbying • Ratification- arena” of decision, key actors in each arena • Implementation- Stakeholders, new institutions, Political, Social and Economic Constraints • Feedback-Didit work? Why not?
Tools for Political Analysis 2-Decision Making Models • Actors [gainers and losers] • Organizational Processes [SOP’s] • Bureaucratic Politics [ Bargaining, power, coalitions…etc]
Computer-Assisted Political Analysis • Policy Content: major goals and specify mechanisms to achieve each goal. • Players: most important players, positions, power, and interests, networks and coalitions among the players. • Opportunities and Obstacles: • Strategies: Design strategies by using expert advice provided in the program. • Impacts of Strategies: Estimate the impacts of strategies on the positions, power, and number of mobilized players--the three factors that affect the feasibility of your policy.
Computer-Assisted Political Analysis An easy-to-use tool developed by Harvard University Michael Reich to help analyze, understand, and create effective strategies to promote the point of view on any policy question or political issue. http://www.polimap.com
Tools for Political Analysis4-Governance and Contexts • Do Political Regimes Make a Difference? • Democracy vs Dictatorships? • Types of Political Parties? • Does Decentralization make a difference? • How should MoH be organized? • Does Social Capital of Communities Make a Difference? • More participation and trust = better policies?