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Human Reproductive System

Human Reproductive System. Reproductive System. Defined: organs & glands that produce hormones which help make a new human. Puberty = sexual maturity (ability to reproduce) Hypothalamus & Pituitary glands release 2 major hormones: FSH LH.

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Human Reproductive System

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  1. Human Reproductive System

  2. Reproductive System • Defined: organs & glands that produce hormones which help make a new human. • Puberty = sexual maturity (ability to reproduce) • Hypothalamus & Pituitary glands release 2 major hormones: • FSH • LH Develop sexual characteristics and reproductive system

  3. Males vs. Females • Similarities • 2 compartments • Testes • Ovaries • Start inside body • Testicles drop before birth • Fetus has glands that could become either female or male • Father “determines” gender • Depends on genes • XX: Female • XY: Male • Differences • Male (XY) • Produce MILLIONS of sperm every day • Female (XX) • One egg, once a month

  4. Male Anatomy

  5. Male Reproductive System FSH LH • Function: • Produce sperm • Deliver sperm to female egg • Testes • Outside body • If temp is too high, sperm can’t be made • Produces Testosterone • Develops male sex characteristics • Makes sperm Testosterone

  6. spermatogonium Review: Spermatogenesis Meiosis 1 Meiosis 2 • Defined: Production of sperm cells • Location: male testes • Makes final changes to sperm cell • Four haploid sperm cells at a time • 23 chromosomes in each Spermatogenesis

  7. What is sperm? • MYTH: tiny human inside • TRUTH: • Matures in the epididymis • Contains Several Parts: • Head • Enzymes to get through egg membrane • 23 chromosomes • 22 autosomes • 1X or 1Y chromosome • Mid piece • Mitochondria = Energy • Flagella • To swim through female system

  8. Prostate Gland • Function: Produces fluid that nourishes and protects sperm • Sperm + fluid = semen • Prostate Cancer • Most common male cancer • Usually slow growing • Prostate exams help monitor • Treatment: Radiation, Chemotherapy, surgery

  9. Fertilization • Defined: Fusion of egg and sperm to create zygote

  10. Fertilization • Defined: Fusion of egg and sperm to create zygote • Semen Pathway: • Epididymis  vas deferens  urethra

  11. Fertilization • Defined: Fusion of egg and sperm to create zygote • Semen Pathway: • Epididymis  vas deferens  urethra • 50-500 million sperm released • only 1 sperm cell gets through to egg • enzymes help get in • instant biochemical change (no more sperm can enter)

  12. Kobe Kuiz • Which hormones stimulate the maturity of the male reproductive system? • Which cellular process produces sperm cells? • Explain the function of the following: pituitary gland, testes, prostate, epididymis, and vas deferens • How does the structure of a sperm cell aid in it’s function • Describe how an egg is fertilized • Are sperm cells haploid or diploid? A zygote? • How many chromosomes can be found in a human sperm cell? A zygote?

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