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Revolutions of 1848. Revolution in France. Lower-class workers overthrew Louis-Philippe Elected Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (Napoleon III) France now has universal male suffrage What is suffrage ? Known as the February Revolution This sparks other revolutions across Europe. Habsburg Empire.
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Revolution in France • Lower-class workers overthrew Louis-Philippe • Elected Louis Napoleon Bonaparte (Napoleon III) • France now has universal male suffrage • What is suffrage? • Known as the February Revolution • This sparks other revolutions across Europe
Habsburg Empire • The Habsburg Empire (Austria) was made up of many ethnic groups • Most wanted to become independent • Louis Kossuth leads an independence movement in Hungary • Wants a democrat nation • Klemens von Metternich, the Austrian Foreign Minister, flees amid revolution in Austria • Resigns his post as Chancellor and flees to London
Habsburg Empire • Hungary becomes independent (with a Habsburg King) March 1848 • Habsburg Emperor Ferdinand abdicates and is replaced by his son, Franz Joseph • Franz Joseph refuses to accept the Hungarian government • With the help of Russia, Franz Joseph sends in the military and (eventually) crushes Hungarian independence
Frankfurt Assembly • German nationalists get together in May of 1848 to create a German state • The biggest question is who will rule: a Prussian leader or an Austrian leader? • The crown is offered to Frederick William IV (Prussian King) • He refuses the crown because he knows it will lead to war with Austria and will take away the rights of the princes of the independent German states
Germanic Confederation • Created by the Congress of Vienna in 1816 • What modern day country does this look like?
What Changes? • Not too much! • France still has an emperor • German states remain divided • Austria is more autocratic than ever • Italy did not gain independence from Austria • England made changes within • All of this however this will spark independence movements for the future