T-cap review

1. T-cap review By:chase Bearden

2. Organisms • Producer Producers are organisms that use the Sun's energy to make their own food. Green plants are producers. They make their own food using energy from the Sun in a process called photosynthesis. • Consumer -Consumers are organisms that gain energy by eating producers and/or other consumers. Primary consumers are organisms that feed off of producers. Herbivores are primary consumers. • Decomposer - Decomposers are organisms that consume dead plants and animals and release nutrients from those dead organisms into the soil, water, and atmosphere.

3. Food chain • The ultimate source of energy for all ecosystems is the Sun. Producers receive energy from the Sun and make food. Producers are the beginning of a food chain because all of the other organisms in the food chain depend on the food energy that is made by producers. The next organisms in the food chain are primary consumers, which eat producers. Next come secondary consumers, then tertiary consumers, and so forth until the top carnivore is reached.

4. Food web • A food web shows multiple interrelated food chains. Organisms within a food web can belong to more than one trophic level, or feeding level. For example, in the food web below, krill are both primary and secondary consumers. Krill are primary consumers because they eat phytoplankton, which are producers. Krill are also secondary consumers because they eat carnivorous zooplankton, which are primary consumers.Organisms which use both plants and animals for food are called omnivores.

5. scavenger Scavengers have an important role in the food chain, because they help to break down dead organisms.Some scavenging animals include vultures, hyenas, raccoons, and even bald eagles.

6. Electricity

7. Electricity • Energy is the ability to do work. Electrical energy is the energy of charged, moving particles called electrons. Electrical energy can be used to move objects or to produce light, heat, sound, and also magnetic fields. • Electrical energy, also referred to as electricity, is used to run many different machines and tools.

8. Conductors and Insulators Conductors are materials that allow electricity to easily flow through them. Insulators are materials that stop the flow of electricity. The following materials are electrical conductors: • metals • water*Wire is made of metal, which is a conductor. • The following materials are electrical insulators: • wood • plastic • cloth • rubber • The coating on the outside of electrical cords is made of plastic or rubber, which are insulators.

9. Circuits • circuit, such as the one shown above, must have an energy source, a load, and a means to carry the electricity • Energy source—Every circuit must have a source of electrical energy, such as a battery, which pushes the electric current around the circuit. The symbol for the energy source in a circuit diagram is: • Wire—Every circuit must have a material that connects the parts of the circuit together and carries electric current. Often, this material is metal wire wrapped in a coating of plastic or rubber. The symbol for the wire in a circuit • Switch—Circuits usually have switches. If closed, the switch completes the circuit and allows current to flow. But if the switch is open, it prevents current from flowing. Sometimes, the switch is not shown in circuit diagrams. However, there is a symbol that represents the switch.

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