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EMEP Steering Body: Wish List for an Ideal World

This article discusses the wish-list of the modelling community within the EMEP Steering Body, covering topics such as grid size, sulphate from sea salts, base cation deposition, historic depositions, and new source-receptor matrices. It highlights the need for collaboration between the modelling community and EMEP for more accurate and comprehensive assessments.

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EMEP Steering Body: Wish List for an Ideal World

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  1. 35th session of the EMEP Steering Body In an ideal world … (a wish-list?) Maximilian Posch, J-P Hettelingh, J Slootweg Coordination Centre for Effects (CCE)www.rivm.nl/cce Working Group on Effects (WGE) ICP Modelling & Mapping www.icpmapping.org

  2. Note: • The following remarks (‘wishes’) are to stimulate • discussion, not any formal requests … • They are mainly inspired by the modelling community • within the WGE • They might be on the to-do list of EMEP anyway; • and only resource limitations prevent them be • carried out …

  3. Topics: • 1. Grid size and shape • 2. Sulphate from sea salts • 3. Base cation (and chloride) deposition • 4. Historic depositions (S, N) back to … • 5. New Source-receptor matrices

  4. 1. Grid size and shape • Under discussion (and ‘experimental’ use?): • a) EMEP grid with size 25×25 and 10×10 km2 • b) 0.2º×0.2º or 0.1º×0.1º Lon-Lat grid • ad a) New CLs on 5×5 EMEP grid • ad b) Could be accommodated in future calls • (and has many other advantages)

  5. 2. Sulphate from sea salts • At present, EMEP depositions do not include • deposition of sulphate from sea spray; • For effects assessments real total S input is needed • SO4,ss estimated from (measured) Cl (Na) deposition, assumed to originate wholly from sea salts; and CL(S) corrected accordingly. Inaccurate and prone to errors … Q: Wouldn’t modelling of sea salt sulphate also improve PM balances?

  6. 3. Base cation (and Cl) deposition Essential input for CLs and DynMod … Work has been done by EMEP: Van Loon M, Tarrasón L, Posch M (2005) Modelling base cations in Europe. MSC-W Technical Report 2/05 … and this is still used by the CCE But update and extension (Cl) would be desirable … Q: Isn’t modelling of base cations essential for PM balances?

  7. 4. Historic depositions of S and N Crucial input for Dynamic Modelling Long ago, EMEP has done work in this field (for S): Mylona S (1996) Sulphur dioxide emissions in Europe 1880-1991 and their effect on sulphur concentrations and depositions.Tellus 48B: 662-689 Which has been used in: Schöpp W, Posch M, Mylona S, Johansson M (2003) Long-term development of acid deposition (1880-2030) in sensitive freshwater regions in Europe. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 7(4): 436-446 But an update (esp. for N species) but be very welcome!

  8. 5. New source-receptor matrices ? New EMEP model versions differ from older ones (obviously) … especially for dry deposition of N to forests … If confirmed, might necessitate calculation of new SRMs … … but not only (not even primarily) an issue of WGE!

  9. Final Remarks: • Since material flow is (mostly) from the atmosphere to • ecosystems, WGE (modellers) need more from EMEP • than vice versa … • But: Earth’s surface also influences deposition, via • Land cover • Re-suspension (Hg) • … and WGE can provide info on land cover and soil properties • Collaboration outside Convention: • - excellent, • - more formalised thru, e.g, ECLAIRE (FP7) • Thanks you!

  10. Refs: Van Loon M, Tarrasón L, Posch M, 2005. Modelling base cations in Europe. MSC-W Technical Report 2/05 Lamarque J-F, et al. (2010) Historical (1850-2000) gridded anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of reactive gases and aerosols: methodology and application. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10: 7017-7039 Smith SJ, Van Aardenne J, Klimont Z, Andres RJ, Volke A, Delgado Arias S (2011) Anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions: 1850-2005. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11: 1101-1116 … and the real long-term perspective: Kopáček J, Posch M (2011) Anthropogenic nitrogen emissions during the Holocene and their possible effects on remote ecosystems. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 25: GB2017

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