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Clostridium Botulinum

Clostridium Botulinum. By Nick Albrecht Period 4. Clostridium Botulinum Up Close. Cell Structure . A gram-positive, rod shaped bacterium that produces botulin, which causes flaccid muscular paralysis

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Clostridium Botulinum

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  1. Clostridium Botulinum By Nick Albrecht Period 4

  2. Clostridium Botulinum Up Close

  3. Cell Structure • A gram-positive, rod shaped bacterium that produces botulin, which causes flaccid muscular paralysis • An anaerobic spore-former, which produces oval, subterminal endospores and is commonly found in soil

  4. Cell Structure (continued)

  5. Cell Functions • Foodborne botulism is caused by the consumption of foods containing the neurotoxin produced by C. Botulinum • Wound botulism results from contamination of a wound with toxin producing C. Botulinum.Rarest form of botulism. • Infant botulism is caused by ingestion of C. Botulinum, affects infants under the age of 12 months. Most cases are in this category.

  6. Cell Functions (continued) • Seven types A,B,C,D,E,F, and G of botulism have been discovered, based on the specificity of the toxin produced by each strain. • Types A,B,E, and F cause human botulism. • Types C and D cause most cases of botulism in animals (wound botulism). • Type G has been isolated from soil in Argentina, no outbreaks of this type have been identified.

  7. Osmosis This diagram explains how osmosis affects plant cells in a weak solution (left side) and in a strong solution (right side).

  8. Diffusion • Diffusion is helpful for cells to bring in nutrients and release wastes without spending any energy. • For example, if a cell lacks amino acids, and therefore has a low concentration of it inside the cell compared to the outside, then by diffusion, the amino acids outside will flow through the membrane until the concentrations of amino acids outside and inside the cell are equal.

  9. Photosynthesis Affecting Plant Cells • Chloroplasts, in plant cells, capture sunlight during photosynthesis to receive energy in the form of ATP.

  10. How to Destroy the Cell • To prevent the occurrence of this bacterium • Kill with high temperatures • Kill with high levels of oxygen • Kill with high acidity • Kill with high ratio of dissolved sugar • Kill with very low levels of moisture

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