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The Germ Theory

The Germ Theory. Emily Reimert, Ryleigh Rosta and Tara Wussler. Overview. What is Microbiology. Microbiology– The s tudy of microorganisms Includes Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes Microorganism –Microscopic organism  Bacteria, Algae, Fungus,  NOT viruses . TW. What is the Germ Theory?.

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The Germ Theory

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  1. The Germ Theory Emily Reimert, Ryleigh Rosta and Tara Wussler

  2. Overview

  3. What is Microbiology Microbiology– The study of microorganisms • Includes Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes Microorganism–Microscopic organism  • Bacteria, Algae, Fungus, NOT viruses  TW

  4. What is the Germ Theory? The Germ Theory– The Scientific theory of disease • Diseases are caused by microorganisms • Invasion of a host Pathogen– Microorganism causing an  infectiousdisease TW

  5. TW Why is the Germ Theory Important? • Advancing the medical field • Links hygiene and sanitation to bacteria • Prevents epidemics • Ex. Vaccinations

  6. TW Important Figures Robert Koch (1905)  Four Postulates– Microorganisms  specific relations to disease Ignaz Semmelweis  (1847) –Puerperal Fever rates drop by handwashing Louis Pasteur (1860-1864)- Disease controlled by sterilization  Alexander Fleming (1923)–  The first antibiotic (Penicillin) 

  7. Ignaz Semmelweis • Discovered importance of handwashing • Identified cause of puerperal fever(childbed fever) • Advocated for use of antiseptics • Related deaths decreased    ER

  8. Semmelweis' Research • Compared maternity clinics • One clinic = medical students & male doctors = higher death rate • Second clinic = female midwives = lower death rate  • Discovered people contract childbed fever  ER

  9. Louis Pasteur • Discovered germscause sickness • Founded pasteurization process • Created vaccinations (Ex. anthraxand rabies)  • Founded method to detect silk worms ER

  10. Pasteur’s Research • Examined liquids like milk, wine, and vinegar  • Found air-borne microbes polluted liquids  • Studied silk industry and dangers of silk worms • Found microbes could transmit diseasesto humans ER

  11. Robert Koch  • "Magic Bullets" attack specificbacteria • Noble Peace Prize Winner-  1905 •  Tested on sheep • Stainedbacteria for easy visibility • Causes of tuberculosis and cholera  RR

  12. Koch's Postulates • Pathogens are found in sick organisms • Grown in laboratories for pure culture • Cultured pathogens cause originaldiseases • Injected pathogens are identical to host RR

  13. Alexander Fleming • Created Penicillin – First Anti-Biotic • Discovery of lysosomes, destroys bacteria • Observed bacteria in petri-dishes • Nobel Peace Prize Winner – 1945 RR

  14. Discovery of Penicillin  • Plate of staphylococcus left uncovered •   accidental discovery • Noticed a mold killed bacteria • Mold - penicillium notatum • February 14th, 1929 discovery is released RR

  15. Which one is NOT a microorganism? A- Bacteria B- Fungus C- Algae D- Virus  D

  16. What is a pathogen? A- microorganism causing an infectious disease  B- a type of vaccine C- an antibody D- a germ   A

  17. What did Semmelweis discover the importance of ? A- Silk Worms B- Microbes C- Chlorine D- Handwashing D ER

  18. Pasteur created a vaccination for … A- Smallpox B- Anthrax C- Childbed Fever D- Silk Worm Diseases B ER

  19. Koch found the cause of… A- Tuberculosis B- Plague C- Yellow Fever D- Ebola A

  20. What was considered the 1st Antibiotic? A- Staphylococcus B- Anthrax C- Penicillin D- Lysosomes C

  21. Summary

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