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Enlightened Despots. Refresher from Yesterday. What is a monarchy? What Enlightenment ideas supported a monarchy? Which ideas went against monarchy?. Predict, in your notes:. Why would a monarch embrace the ideas of the Enlightenment? Which ideas would a monarch adopt?
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Refresher from Yesterday • What is a monarchy? • What Enlightenment ideas supported a monarchy? • Which ideas went against monarchy?
Predict, in your notes: • Why would a monarch embrace the ideas of the Enlightenment? • Which ideas would a monarch adopt? • What benefits does a monarch get from adopting Enlightenment ideas?
Enlightened Despots despot = monarch
Frederick II (“The Great”) • Ruled: 1740-1786 • King of Prussia • Established a system for elementary education • Abolished torture • Granted religious tolerance to Protestants & Catholics • Reduced censorship
Catherine II (“The Great”) • Ruled: 1762-1796 • Queen of Russia • Wrote a Russian constitution and a code of laws • Supported education and culture • Expanded size of the Russian Empire
Why do you think Frederick II of Prussia and Catherine II of Russia were limited in their reforms?
Joseph II • Ruled: 1780-1790 • King of Austria • Abolished torture and the death penalty • Provided free food and medicine to the poor • Granted religious tolerance to Protestants and Jews • Required laborers be paid for their work
How do you think the nobility and Church reacted to the reforms of Joseph II?
Opinion Question • Do you think the enlightened despots were truly “enlightened”? Explain why or why not.