Agreement

1. Agreement 主 谓 一 致

2. 精彩范例 • 1. 90题21 A library with five thousand books____ to the nation as a gift. • A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered • 2. 89题27 Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another. • A. is B.are C. am D. be • 3. 87题15 All but one ____ here just now. • A. is B. was C. has been D. were • 4．04北京28 The teacher ,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. • A. was B. were C. had been D. would be • 5．04广东 21 All the employees except the manager _______ to work online at home. • A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged __ __ __ __ __

3. 主谓一致 定义：指句子的谓语动词必须在人称和数的变化方面和主语保持一致。分成三种情况： • 1、语法一致：主语形式上的单复数决定谓语的单复数。 • 2、内容一致：主语内容上的单复数决定谓语的单复数。 • 3、就近一致：谓语的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语的单复数形式。

4. 语法一致 （1）单数主语即使后面带有由with ,along with, together with, like, but, except, besides ，as well as, more than, no less than ,rather than ,including, in addition to 引导的短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如：The land as well as the sea is a place where we live.

5. 语法一致 A hammer and a sickle are useful tools。 锤子和镰刀都是有用的工具。 The poet and singer has come. 那位诗人兼歌唱家来了。 Truth and honesty is the best policy。

6. 语法一致 • (3)不定式（短语），动名词（短语）或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 • To learn two languages at the same time is easy for him. • When will go for a picnic hasn’t been decided. • 但由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但若所指的具体内容是复数意义时， 谓语动词一般用复数形式。如： • What we need is more time. • What we need are doctors.

7. 语法一致 (4) 用连词and 连接的并列主语被each,every或no修饰时，谓语动词 用单数。常用的短语如: each…and each…,every…and every…,no…and no… 如: Every boy and every girl in our class likes thepop star. (5) each of + 复数代词，谓语动用单数。复数 代词+each，谓语动词用复数。如： Each of them has something to say. We each have a different point of view.

8. 语法一致 • (6) any, none, all some, more 单独作主语时,根据文中的含义,动词可用单数或复数形式; either, neither单独作主语时,动词通常用单数,如:Now all has changed. • All are present. • 但后接of时,若of 的宾语为不可数名词,动词用单数形式,若of的宾语为可数名词,动词可以是单数也可以是复数。如: • None of the guests wants/want to stay.

9. 语法一致 • (7)有些名词如trousers, scissors, police, clothes, goods, people, cattle,等作主语时，谓语动必须用复数。如: • Where are my cattle? • The scissors are not sharp.

10. 语法一致 • （8） 形式是复数，意义是单数名词如news, physics, mathematics, economics, the United States, the New Times, Arabian Nights, the Unite Nations等作主语，谓语动词用单数。 • Arabian Nights is an interesting book. 他们都是单数

11. 语法一致 • （9）“a +名词+and a half ”“the number of+名词”作主语时谓语动词用单数。 • The number of deer does not change much if people leave things as they are. • 表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但其短语表示时间、距离等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：One and a half bananas are left on the table.

12. 语法一致 • (10)百分数或分数+of+名词,以及a lot of ,plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of , heaps of+名词作句子的主语时,谓语动词要与of 后面的名词的数保持一致。如: • About three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water. • Twenty percent of the workers in the factory are men.

13. 语法一致 • （11）“Many a + 单数可数名词”，作主语,后常跟单数谓语动词;”more +复数名词+than one “作主语，后常跟复数谓语。 • In our school, many a boy likes playing football and more girls than one like playing it.

14. 内容一致 • (1)不定代词all, most, some, half, rest作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它所指代名词的数。如: • All of my students like pop songs. • All of the water is gone.

15. 内容一致 • (2)“the+形容词或分词”指一类人。如:the rich, the living,作主语时，谓语动词用复数。表示抽象概念时,谓语用复数。如: • The old are well looked after by us. • The good in him is greater than the bad.

16. 内容一致 • (3) 由and连接的成对名词习惯上被看作一个整体时，如：bread and butter(黄油加面包)，knife and fork(刀叉)作 主语时，谓语动词用单数，如： • Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.

17. 内容一致 • (4)不定数量的词组，如：part of ,a lot of ,lots of, plenty of 作 主语时，谓语动词用复数取决于后面名词的数。 • A part of the students have arrived. • A part of the bamboo has been eaten up by the panda .

18. 内容一致 • (5)表示时间，金额，重量, 长度, 价格, 距离等的名词作主语时,尽管是复数形式，它们作为一个单一的概念时，其谓语动词多用单数形式。如： • Two years is not enough • to finish the task.

19. 就近一致 • (1) 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中，（有时主语不止一个时）谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 • Here comes the train. • There is a pen and some pieces of paper on the table. • Where is your wife and children to stay while you are on business?

20. 就近一致 • (2)用连or, either…or ,neither….nor ,not only…..but also 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 • Do either the students or the teacher know anything about it? • Tom or you have taken my pen.

21. Exercise 1. All but one _____ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were 2. A library with five thousand books ____ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary __ tired of having one exam after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 4. The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 5. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided

22. 6. On the wall______ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging 7. “News of victories _____ pouring in as our army advances ,” the company commander said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept 8. There _____ a lot of milk in the bottle. A. are B. is C. were D. has 9. Zhang’s family ____ rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. being D. was 10. Nobody but Jane ____ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known __ __ __ __ __

23. Goodbye