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Research Assessment Paper Executive Summary

Research Assessment Paper Executive Summary. By: Christian Perez.

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Research Assessment Paper Executive Summary

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  1. Research Assessment Paper Executive Summary By: Christian Perez

  2. In order to understand the effects of proprioceptive training in general, the question needs to be asked; what is proprioceptive training? For starters, proprioception is the body’s way of sensing its relative positioning in correlation to the natural environment. In other words, when a human being closes their eyes and extends their arms out, they know their arms are extended out even though they cannot physically see their arms extended; this is due to the subconscious sense within the body known as proprioception. Background & Literature Review

  3. Three studies based on similar data were examined prior to this study. One study focused on an injury-free female collegiate soccer player (Owen, Campbell, Falkner, Bialkowski & Ward, 2006). Her coach instructed her to add some proprioceptive training to her workout regimen for preventative measures. • This article, however, did not contain substantial evidence that the proprioceptive training had a large impact on preventing ACL injuries and since they didn’t have enough data to back up their hypothesis; this study was quickly cut short. Continued.. (Article 1)

  4. The second study also analyzed female athletes but with a much larger sample size of 1,041 competitive female youth soccer players (Mandelbaum, Silvers, Watanabe, Knarr, Thomas, Griffin, Kirkendall, & Garrett, 2005). The girls that participated in the study ranged from ages 14-18 and the focus of the study was the prevention of ACL injuries among this population through proprioceptive training. • In the end, the subjects were checked up on a year after the implementation of the program and then a year after that as well. Both years showed a significant difference in the amount of ACL tears from the intervention group as opposed to the control group. This showed that the study was significant and, to some extent, had a positive effect on helping prevent ACL injury. Cont. (Article 2)

  5. The last study analyzed a professional men’s basketball team over a six-year period of proprioceptive training (Riva, Bianchi, Rocca, and Mamo, 2016). “The subjects studied were 55 basketball players over a 6- year period participating in the First League Championship of the Italian Basketball Federation. The study was approved by the local ethical committee, and all subjects (ranging in age from 18 to 45) signed written informed consent before participation (Riva, Bianchi, Rocca, and Mamo, 2016, p. 462)”. • After this study was completed there was significant evidence that proprioceptive training did help improve the strength of the lower extremities and helped reduce the likelihood of injury in that area. This study turned out to be a catalyst for change as it influenced other teams to follow in its footsteps. Cont. (Article 3)

  6. The emphasis of this study was the product. How much does proprioceptive training help reduce the risk of ACL injuries and reduce the recovery time needed after injury is what needed to be assessed. To assess this; 40 freshman collegiate volleyball players (20 men; 20 women aged 18-23) were randomly assigned to two groups. One group focused on proprioceptive training for 4 months (10 men; 10 women) while the second group did nothing but their regular routine for 4 months. Method

  7. Other than the test scores from the different proprioceptive training tests; an assessment rubric was created in order to see how the subjects felt they were doing and if they believed that they were getting positive results. Above is a preview of the assessment that took place. Instrumentation

  8. Results/Analysis of Data

  9. The significance of this study was set at a p-value being less than 0.05. The p-value was indeed < 0.05 which means that the study was significant overall. This p-value also allows for the rejection of the null hypothesis. The means were better for men than women but only slightly and the intervention group saw a greater reduction in ACL injuries and days out of action than the control group that did not participate in proprioceptive training. The subjects also saw an overall reduction in their days out due to ACL injury and it can be inferred that this was partially due to the effectiveness of the proprioceptive training; although there may not have been much clinical significance. Cont.

  10. These results may have occurred because proprioceptive training has been known to help strengthen muscles and help speed up the recovery process to some extent. These results also showed that the program itself was the main reason for the end result post program. Certain limitations to this study include the sample size and the population used. With a greater sample size; more of the total population could have been represented in the study. Discussion

  11. All in all, this study was successful but for future studies; a population with a greater risk of ACL injuries should be prioritized. This study could have also been more controlled if it could have been done in a laboratory setting. Overall accuracy would be more reliable if that was done. Next Steps/Evaluation & Reflection

  12. Jessica L Owen, Sean Campbell, Sara J Falkner, Christine Bialkowski, Alex T Ward; Is there evidence that proprioception or balance training can prevent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in athletes without previous ACL injury?, Physical Therapy, Volume 86, Issue 10, 1 October 2006, Pages 1436–1440, Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20050329 • Mandelbaum, B. R., Silvers, H. J., Watanabe, D. S., Knarr, J. F., Thomas, S. D., Griffin, L. Y., … Garrett, W. (2005). Effectiveness of a Neuromuscular and Proprioceptive Training Program in Preventing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes: 2-Year Follow-up. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(7), 1003–1010. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546504272261 • Riva, D., Bianchi, R., Rocca, F., & Mamo, C. (2016). Proprioceptive Training and Injury Prevention in a Professional Men's Basketball Team: A Six-Year Prospective Study. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 30(2), 461-75. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4750505/ • Miller, J. (2018, April 27). Physio Works - Physiotherapy Brisbane. Retrieved December 10, 2018, from https://physioworks.com.au/treatments-1/proprioception-balance-exercises References

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