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How effective has the World Bank’s Bangladesh FAP been?

How effective has the World Bank’s Bangladesh FAP been?. Where did it come from?. The devastating floods in 1988 covered 60% of the country, affected 45 million people and destroyed 7.2 million homes.

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How effective has the World Bank’s Bangladesh FAP been?

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  1. How effective has the World Bank’s Bangladesh FAP been?

  2. Where did it come from? • The devastating floods in 1988 covered 60% of the country, affected 45 million people and destroyed 7.2 million homes. • Mme Mitterand was visiting Bangladesh at the time and brought the crisis to the attention of her husband, who was at a party with 6 of his mates. • The French and United Nation Development Programme suggested much hard engineering. • The US Agency for International Development favoured a soft-engineering approach! • The world bank then commissioned 26 studies costing $145 million.

  3. So what did it do? • Look through the notes you made last lesson and the information on flood defences on page 43/44 of the AQA book. • What do you think were the 3 main ways in which the Bangladeshi government were advised and assisted to reduce flooding. • Given what you know about the economic status of Bangladesh, do you think this is a feasible idea? • Write a brief explaination of your reasoning and justify your ideas.

  4. So what are the implications? • Read through the table on page 43 that compares the 1988 and 1998 floods. • What have the impacts of the FAP been. • Summarise the information and write a concluding statement as to whether you think the FAP is effective or not.

  5. But what about this... • After two years of study it became clear that it was infeasible to stop large flooding.  The focus, therefore, had to shift from "flood control" to "controlled flooding". • Any civil engineering solution would be vulnerable to erosion over time.  The main building material would have to be mud and soft aggregates, since hard aggregates are not available to Bangladesh. • One underlying cause of flooding is seismic / tectonic activity. No amount of flood defence construction can address this. • If flood barriers were breached for some reason, the impact of the resulting flood would be much more severe than if the intervention had not been made in the first place. • Other implications include an estimate 20-40% decline in fisheries, the loss of wetlands biodiversity, and also possibly, increasing polarisation in land ownership. • Source; OXFAM / International Institute for Environment and Development (1998)

  6. What now? • Given all the information you have looked at, what are your recommendations for Bangladesh for the future. Think about the following: • River channels will always have silt constantly deposited in them. • The local populations have been living with shifting land patterns and flooding for hundreds of years. • Bangladesh’s population is rising rapidly- 2% per year. • Bangladesh’s GDP PC is circa $1400 and growing at 5% currently.

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