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Moving Pakistan into the Global Community via Networking

Moving Pakistan into the Global Community via Networking. Arshad Ali Nationaol University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Pakistan. China. China. 2002. Afghanistan. Iran. India. Pakistan-China silk trade route. Afghanistan. Kashmir. Islamabad. Dr Abdus Salam

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Moving Pakistan into the Global Community via Networking

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  1. Moving Pakistan into the Global Community via Networking Arshad Ali Nationaol University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Pakistan With Slide Compliments from HEC Pakistan Arshad Ali (NUST)

  2. China China 2002 Afghanistan Iran India Pakistan-China silk trade route Afghanistan Kashmir Islamabad Dr Abdus Salam Nobel Laureate, Founder of ICTP Trieste, Italy Lahore Quetta Multan Iran India • 2nd Highest peak K-2 • Oldest Indus Civilization Karachi Arabian Sea

  3. Capital – Islamabad Languages : English (official) Urdu (national) 167 million people Universities – Over 120 Education budget being doubled since 2001 World highest telecom growth sector Over Twelve million internet users Pakistan (little known facts)

  4. Living in a Changing World Science and Technology are the great dividers---the rich are getting richer and the poor, poorer World is inflicted with poverty, hunger, disease, conflicts, violence, & economic uncertainty

  5. Solution ? “EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY”

  6. Why Science and Technology? Science can help feed the hungry, heal the sick, contribute to poverty alleviation, protect the environment, provide dignity of labour, and unleash the creative talents of our youth by fostering innovation and entrepreneurship, resulting in a satisfying and joyful life

  7. Challenges of a Changing World----- Innovation Determines Progress • New biology is decoding the blue print of life, learning to manage the placement and expression of genes and mobilizing microorganisms to do our work for the production of new products • New innovations are altering and expanding the notions of development. • the only constant is change !!

  8. VISION Socio-economic development is no longer dependent on natural resources (eg.Japan, European countries) KNOWLEDGEhas now become the main driving force of world economies and hence the basis of socio-economic development INDUSTRIALIZATIONis the key to high GDP growth (through innovation / production of high value-added goods (engineering goods, pharmaceuticals, IT, Biotechnology, etc.)

  9. Overarching Approach in Pakistan • SimultaneousBi-Modal ApproachRequired • Bottom-Up • Basic Health, Primary Education, Water …. • Top-Down • Higher Education • Emphasis on Science & Technology • Industrial Linkages

  10. Impact of just one institution----MIT • MIT graduates and faculty have founded 4000 companies • Employ: 1.1 million people • Annual Sales: $232 billion • Collectively these companies are the 24th largest economy in the World! • Same is true for Cambridge, Stanford and others

  11. Typical University—Developing Countries Student Professional University • Ethics ? • Creativity ? • Independent thinking ? • Ability to apply knowledge ?

  12. University Role in National Development Product and Services Market Improve productivity Create knowledge base Improve education level Market Innovations Demand Productive Sectors Industry Universities Collaboration Produce Knowledge Human resources Development and supply Utilize Knowledge Knowledge base Labor Policy Policy Infrastructure Economic Policy Science and Education Technology Policy Policy Policy Government Society Politics and economy Environment, culture, tradition, national character Knowledge Base Develop Social Tax and Financial With Slide Compliments from HEC Pakistan Arshad Ali (NUST)

  13. Pakistan---A Promising Program • 100 million below age 25 !! ( 66% population) • Higher Education / S&T budget increased several thousand percent in 4 years • A 15 year Vision/ Strategy/ Action Plan prepared and programs launched • Full support from Government in drive to develop a “K” Economy

  14. HEC Plan of ActionACCESS / QUALITY / RELEVANCE Faculty Development • Infrastructure(Free Access to Literature Free Access to Sophisticated Instruments, Technology Assisted Learning) • Focused Support in Key Areas • Quality Assurance • Linkages to the Economy

  15. STRATEGY 1)BASIC SCIENCES Physics,Chemistry,Mathematics,Biology) 2) APPLIED SCIENCES (Engineering, Agricultural sciences, Biotechnology, Information Technology, Pharmaceuticals, New Materials, Communications, Renewable Energy) 3) SOCIAL SCIENCES 4) ECONOMICS, FINANCE, MANAGEMENT 5) LINKAGES WITH INDUSTRY 6) EMPHASIS ON “K-ECONOMY”---HIGH TECH INDUSTRY!!

  16. Attracting the Brightest! • Change in Salary Structures---under “Tenure Track” system salaries of Professorsraised to 3 times of Federal Ministers in government! • Research Productivity Allowance----based on Cumulative Impact Factors during the preceding year • Reversing the Brain Drain----under “Foreign Faculty Hiring Program” 470 eminent expatriate/other scientists attracted to return to Pakistan

  17. Attracting the Brightest! • Research Funding(upto US$ 600,000 per international linkage program) • Guaranteed Jobsto fresh Ph.Ds with higher salary structures under tenure track system • 75% Reduction ofIncome Taxfor all academics

  18. Training the Brightest! • Massive Foreign scholarship programsinitiated---500-1000 students being sent abroad annually to top universities in Europe, USA, Chinawith guaranteed high salary jobs and research grants of US $ 100,000 • Indigenous Ph.D. programs---expansion of the existing Ph.D. output to 1500 per year • Huge Local Scholarship Programs for Undergraduate levelstudies initiated---Rs.1 Billion to be spent!

  19. Training the Brightest! • Local PhD’s being offered opportunities forpostdoctoral trainingin top foreign institutions (hundreds being sent) • Linkagesbeing established with top Western Institutions---50 with British Universities alone,many others • US$ 150 millionFulbright programfor MS/Ph.D. level training in top universities with USA

  20. Using Technology to Leap-Frog! • Pakistan Educational Research Network • Digital Library Program • PAKSAT 1 (Pakistan’s Educational Satellite) • Pakistan’s International Video-conferencing Network

  21. The IT Strategy… • And an environment that stimulates creativity and welcomes advances in the use of Information Technology Service to the Citizens • High capacity, reliable and accessible communications • s and Eabling enviroment Laws and enabling environment IT Education

  22. From 40 to 2000 Cities on Optical Fibre (2000-2007) China 2002 Afghanistan Iran India 822 cities on the Internet SDH/PDH (525/622 Mb/s) backbone being upgraded to DWDM 10 Gb/s

  23. Internet user growth June 2000:130,000 Oct 2006: >12 million Actual users more than 12 Million! Dial up Start point Today

  24. Plummeting costs…. June 2000:US$ 87,000/E1 August 2001:US$ 6,000 October 2004 : US$ 3,800 Now US$ 950 per month/2 Mb/s ! Start point Today

  25. Abbottabad Topi D.I.Khan E3 Backbone Nawab Shah Khuzdar Tandojam Khairpur E3 Backbone Jamshoro PERN Pakistan Education & Research Network Core Network Nodes 03 Total Universities 56 (16 OFS, 22 DXX, 17 DRS, 1 VSAT)

  26. Pakistan Education and Research Network • Information highway exclusively for universities • Promote collaborative research and the sharing of domain knowledge • Platform for launching aggressive distance education programs • Platform for Digital Library service for all universities

  27. Digital Library • 22,000 full text journals—nation-wide, free-of-charge to universities!!! HEC Pays • Over 12 million articles downloaded in 2006 !! • Almost 300,000 end users trained nationwide • One Window Search Engine • Web of Science, Scifinder Scholar, EMBASE, IEEE, Chem/Biol.Abstracts etc.

  28. Virtual University • 4 Digital Satellite (PAKSAT-1) TV Channels for content delivery (License for 2 granted) • Satellite Earth Station • 2 Recording Studios • Potential for providing high quality training in remote areas of Pakistan

  29. International Video-lecturing Program • High quality video-conferencing equipment installed in Universities • Series of international lectures (nation-wide) by Nobel Laureates and top professors from leading universities in USA, Europe, Japan etc. from November 2006 • 4000 Lectures arranged !!!

  30. Supporting Private Sector Education • Matching grants for new institutions • Major funds for development • Land on long term lease • Sharing faculty salaries • Access to Digital Library • Access to Research Funding

  31. Innovation/Entrepreneurship • Impregnating Innovation/ Entrepreneurship in University programs • STED : Access to Venture Capital • Technology Parks/Business Incubators • Islamabad Technology Estate

  32. Establishment of New Engineering, Science & Technology Universities (UESTP) With Slide Compliments from HEC Pakistan Arshad Ali (NUST)

  33. Partner Countries • France • Sweden • Germany • Austria • Italy • Netherlands • China • South Korea • Japan

  34. Demographic Changes in Europe —A Major Opportunity ! • Diminishing younger populations of scientists & engineers in Europe • Companies looking for countries with high engineering skill base/lower manpower costs to outsource future high tech industries • A major opportunity for Europe, if they can have highly qualified science & engineering manpower trained to top standards

  35. UESTP Concept • Consortium of leading European Universities with one as lead university---4,500 of our brightest students being sent for MS/PhD • Rectors, Deans, Heads of Departments and 75%-25% faculty from partner country • Examination /Quality assurance controlled by European universities • Complete equivalence • Degrees from top European Universities in Pakistan !!! • Classes commence in 2007/2008 !!

  36. Impact Case Study

  37. Established in late 1999 Commenced operations by conducting short courses in rented residential premises Now offer three UG, MS and PhD programs NUST Institute of Information Technology

  38. International Research Collaboration • CERN Geneva --- Associate Institute of CMS, 21 Students and five faculty visited CERN for joint research projects • UWE UK --- 18 Students undergoing joint research supervision at NIIT and UWE under EU and other funding arrangements • Caltech USA --- 12 Students and Faculty visited Caltech for collaborative research under Pak-US scientific collaboration • Stanford (SLAC) USA --- 9 Students and faculty visited SLAC under Pak-US scientific collaboration

  39. International Research Collaboration • Comtec Japan --- 80% Research transferred at NIIT- NUST, Open Source software Jointly developed by COMTEC and NUST being taught in Five Japanese, Two US and one French Universities • EPFL Switzerland, Brain Mind Institute – 8 students carrying out research at EPFL under joint funding from EPFL and NUST

  40. VRVS (Version 3) Meeting in 8 Time Zones Caltech(US) RAL (UK) Japan AMPATH(US) CERN Brazil Canada AMPATH(US) 78 Reflectors Deployed Worldwide Users in 96 Countries Pakistan Stanford

  41. Local Industry Projects • SCADA System for Rastgar Pvt Limited Islamabad • Loom Monitoring System for Gul Ahmed Textile Karachi • Mil Standard 1553 databus controller for Nextek Islamabad • RFID based Library inventory management system for Pakistani Universities Libraries

  42. INDUSTRY SPONSORED LABS AT NIIT • NCR established their Dataware housing and Datamining lab at NIIT • IBM Open Source Resource Center --- Hardware including E-server, Web Sphere Server, Lotus Exchange Server Donated • INTEL established a state-of-the-art computer lab at NIIT • CISCO local academy program partner for delivering CCNA/CCNP courseware

  43. Results • Many fold increase in ISI (Institute of Scientific Information)abstracted publications over last 3 years----rate of increase highest in Islamic world • Young men and women have started opting to adopt careers in S&T subjects as first choice (about 30% female at NIIT) • Landscape of Universities has begun to change

  44. Pakistan Research Output 2001-2006

  45. Independent Review of HEC(World Bank) • “A Silent Revolution” • “Promising debut : HEC has launched its attack on the twin challenge of access and excellence” • “The HEC launched an unprecedented number of systemic reforms. These positive reforms already have benefited the universities”

  46. International Applause • Editorial in Nature----29th January 2004: “Rahman has convinced Musharraf ……… and a deluge of money and new initiatives has poured out. Ministry of Science and Technology’s annual budget has increased 60 fold compared with 1999; researchers have an opportunity to more than double their earnings if they publish more in peer- reviewed journals; funds have been released for many more Ph.Ds. to be trained at home and abroad; plans are well under way for a free digital library for all educational institutions; there is a new scheme to attract researchers from overseas to work in Pakistan---------------------------------------------------------------------------

  47. Real Wealth-- • Our Children----with a population of 167 million, about a 100 million below the age of 25, Pakistan is blessed with a huge pool of talent and creativity • Challengeis to empower them with quality education and skills----and provide them opportunities to contribute to the process of socio-economic development

  48. Education, Education, Higher Education

  49. Thanks

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