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The Nature of Science

The Nature of Science. Observing. You have two beakers, each containing a clear liquid and an ice cube. What do you observe?. Fact & Opinion. Fact Is true for everyone Opinion Personal belief that is not founded on proof Inference Conclusion based on observation. Density.

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The Nature of Science

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  1. The Nature of Science

  2. Observing You have two beakers, each containing a clear liquid and an ice cube. What do you observe?

  3. Fact & Opinion • Fact • Is true for everyone • Opinion • Personal belief that is not founded on proof • Inference • Conclusion based on observation

  4. Density • A measure of how heavy a solid, liquid, or gas is for its size • Density is expressed in terms of mass per unit volume

  5. Observing Density

  6. Graphing Density Descriptive title UNITS!!! Label Comparison of the density of different liquids 1 .8 .6 .4 .2 0 Density 9n g/c3 D / R V Label Specific I / M V Label General I / M V Label Red Blue Green Type of liquid Scale Scale

  7. Writing Experimental Questions • Effect & Affect • What is the effect (of the independent / manipulated variable) on the (dependent / responding variable)? • How does (the independent / manipulated variable ) affect the (dependent / responding variable)?

  8. Developing Hypotheses • If, Then • Ifthe (independent / manipulated variable) changes, Thenthe dependent / responding variable) will change. [How will it change? Increase? Decrease?]

  9. Designing Experiments • Very detailed • Step-by-step • Independent / manipulated variables identified • Dependent / responding variables identified • Units of measurement identified • Repeated trials

  10. Making Data Tables Descriptive title with UNITS I / M V Label Density of Liquids in g/c3 Room for Data Repeated Trials Reduced Data

  11. Drawing Conclusions • Restate original question & hypothesis • Answer original question • Accept or reject hypothesis based on data • Describe data as evidence • Describe relationships • Identify sources of error

  12. Density Challenge! Can you make your beaker look like this?

  13. Hint • Think about density first • Think about color last

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