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Monday, November 7

Monday, November 7. Today: Voters and Voter Behavior Issue – Property Ownership and Voting Lecture Notes on History of Voting Rights Thursday  *Quiz on 27 Amendments* Friday  Current Events. Voters and Voter Behavior Chapter 6. The Constitution and the Right To Vote Section 1.

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Monday, November 7

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  1. Monday, November 7 • Today: Voters and Voter Behavior • Issue – Property Ownership and Voting • Lecture Notes on History of Voting Rights • Thursday  *Quiz on 27 Amendments* • Friday  Current Events

  2. Voters and Voter BehaviorChapter 6

  3. The Constitution and the Right To VoteSection 1

  4. History of Voting Rights Suffrage = Franchise = the right to vote Today’s Electorate (potential voting age population) is approx. 231,000,000.

  5. Tuesday, November 9 • Today: • Lecture Notes: History of Voting and Voter Qualifications • Issue of the Day: Should Voting Be Mandatory? • Wednesday: Veteran Speaker • TEST on Voter and Voter Behavior: Next Wednesday • No Amendment Test/ No Current Events

  6. 5 Stages of Voting History 1. Individual states begin to end restrictions based on religious affiliation, property ownership, and tax payments. -By 1850, all white adult males can vote 2. 1870, 15th Amendment: right to vote cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude

  7. 3. 1920, 19th Amendment: RTV cannot be denied based on sex. *Wyoming since 1869 4. A. Voting Rights Act of 1965: provided enforcement to 15th Amendment. Dept. of Justice oversees voting changes. B. 1961, 23rd Amendment: includes voters in D.C. in presidential electorate C. 1964, 24th Amendment: eliminates poll tax

  8. 5. 1971, 26th Amendment: 18 years or older can vote

  9. Power to Set Voting Qualifications • States have the right to set voter qualifications With the only restrictions being: 15th, 19th, 23rd, 24th, 26th Amendments* *Voting Rights Act (preclearance) *Hill v. Stone  suffrage cannot be denied based on taxable property owned. (violates 14th amendment)

  10. Voter Qualifications Among StatesSection 2

  11. State Qualifications for Voting • Citizenship • Aliens generally denied right to vote • (a few states allow non-citizens to vote in local elections) • Nothing in Constitution states that aliens cannot vote

  12. State Qualifications for Voting • Residence • 2 Reasons states adopt residence requirements: • 1. stop political machines from bribing outsiders to affect local elections • 2. every voter should have time to become familiar with candidates and issues in an election Voting Rights Act Amendments  no more than 30 days for presidential elections *Most states require around 30 days for all elections

  13. State Qualifications for Voting • Most states prohibit transients from voting: • Traveling salespeople, member of armed services, college students • (some states allow college students)

  14. State Qualifications for voting • Age • 26th Amendment sets 18 minimum age for voting • In most states, 17 year-olds can cast ballots in primary elections if their 18th birthday falls before the general election

  15. Thursday, November 11 • Should 16 year olds vote? •  Voter Qualifications, Elections • Test: Thursday Next Week

  16. Other Qualifications • Registration – a procedure of voter identification • intended to prevent fraudulent voting • Identifies party preferences and, hence, their ability to take part in closed primaries.

  17. Making Voting Easier • Same-day registration – register and vote in the same day • N. Dakota – Requires no voter registrations • Wisconsin  requires no registration if you live in rural areas • National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) 1995 • Ohio (and some states) No Excuse Absentee Voting • Some States  have early voting, but no absentee ballots. You can personally vote in places before election day • Access for disabled

  18. Who May Not Vote: • Those in mental institutions, convicted of serious crimes, • Some states do not allow those dishonorably discharged from the armed forces. • Some states do not allow polygamists or the homeless to vote

  19. Elections in Brief • Ballot device which a voter registers a choice in an election. • Primary Elections: a member of a specific political party is selected from a group of other members to run in an election

  20. Elections in Brief • Closed Primaries  limited to registered party members who have declared their party affiliation. • Serves to encourage party unity • Prevent members of another party from voting for a candidate they don’t support in order to disrupt election results

  21. Elections in Brief • Open Primaries  no party affiliation required to vote in primaries. • You select a party’s ballot, then select party candidate, regardless of what party you align with. • Ohio  you decide your party by voting in that party’s primary.

  22. Elections in Brief • Blanket Primary  a primary in which a voter can choose from among candidates of both parties in a single election. • Non-Partisan Election  where elections do not indicate party labels on names *(R) or (D) • Run-Off Elections  Top two vote-getters in primaries in a second election. Regular primaries take on a plurality. • Non-partisan primary in Louisiana

  23. Voting in Ohio • Secretary of State oversees elections • 2 republicans and 2 democrats on every county board of elections in Ohio • Appointed by the SoS based on what local political parties desire. • *Other states elect board of electors…some go by municipalities • Local Boards monitor voter registrations, campaign financing, and petition validity.

  24. Voting in Ohio • Voting Done By DREDirect Recording Electronic – touch screen or computer system • VVPAT – Voter Verified Paper Audit Trail  Receipt given to you after you vote to be sure the vote is cast. • Used to back up DRE recorded information in case of electronic malfunction or voter fraud.

  25. Nonvoting Questions to Consider: • What is the scope of the nonvoter problem? • For what reasons do people not vote?

  26. Nonvoting • Voter Turnout  number of people voting as a percentage of those who are registered. • 1960 Nixon-Kennedy 63% • 2008 McCain-Obama 56.8% Voting Age Population in 2008 = 231,229,580 Voter Turnout in 2008 = 132,618,580 • Off year elections have less turnout  • 2002  37% • 2006  37.1%

  27. Voter Turnout 1824-2008

  28. Reasons for not voting 2008 Survey

  29. Reasons for Not Voting • The winners will make no difference • Current satisfaction with political world • Lack of political efficacy • Apathy • Time-Zone Fallout

  30. Factors Affecting Turnout • Those Most Likely To Vote: • have higher levels of income • higher education • well integrated into community life • long-time residents • Strong party affiliations • The elderly

  31. Factors Affecting Turnout • Those Most Likely Not to Vote: • Younger than age 35 • Unmarried • Unskilled • Living in Southern States • Living in Rural Areas

  32. Voter Behavior – why do voters choose to vote the way they do? • How is Voter Behavior Studied? • Election results • survey research – polling of scientifically determined cross-sections of the population. • Studies in political socialization - process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions.

  33. Psychological Factors

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