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Osteoporosis

By hamidreza soltanian 8533047. Osteoporosis. What is Osteoporosis?. Osteoporosis is a Greek word meaning porous bone. While osteoporosis is mostly seen in women (80 %), it can occur at any age and gender depending on some risk factors.

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Osteoporosis

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  1. By hamidreza soltanian 8533047 Osteoporosis

  2. What is Osteoporosis? • Osteoporosis is a Greek word meaning porous bone. • While osteoporosis is mostly seen in women (80 %), it can occur at any age and gender depending on some risk factors. • About 50 % of women having osteoporotic fracture require long term care.

  3. Osteoporosis

  4. Bone properties • Bone tissue is under the exposure of excessive stress during daily activities. • Excessive osteoclast or insufficient osteoblast number causes improper filling of resorption site and this leads to low bone mass. • Women in their postmenopausal stage are in the highest risk group of osteoporosis. • ERT,HRT

  5. Risk factors MODIFIABLE FACTORS UNMODIFIABLE FACTORS Personal fracture history Fracture history in family Elder age History of organ transplants Connective tissue disorders Hormonal disorders • Smoking • Excessive alcohol consumption • anticonvulsants usage • Low Ca,Vitamin D diet • Estrogen lacking • Low body weight (<43 kg) • Sedentary lifestyle

  6. Sign & symptoms • Back pain • Height loss • Neck strain • Fractures • Body deformation

  7. Bone Density Measurements • Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and quantitative computed micro tomography (QCT) measurements are done from central site. • BMD testing compares the patient’s BMD measurement with young man’s BMD value.

  8. Bone Density Measurements • The standard deviation (SD) of the patient’s BMD result from the mean is computed.

  9. Screening Methods Dual energy X -ray absorptiometry (DEXA) Quantitative computerized tomography (QCT) Heel ultrasound (HUS)

  10. Screening Methods X- ray Physical examination Chemical evaluation of serum and bone markers

  11. DEXA • Is a means of measuring bone mineral density (BMD). • Two X-ray beams with differing energy levels are aimed at the patient's bones. • Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the most widely used and most thoroughly studied bone density measurement technology. • DXA scans can also be used to measure total body fat content.

  12. DEXA • Special considerations are involved in the use of DXA to assess bone mass in children. • Z-score • Also, there are other variables in addition to age which are suggested to confound the interpretation of BMD as measured by DXA. • How to correct it?!(BMAD) • DXA is, by far, the most widely used technique for bone measurements.

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