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Chapter 3 Section 1: Basic Principles

Chapter 3 Section 1: Basic Principles. An Outline of the Constitution The Constitution sets out the basic principles upon which government in the United States was built and operates today. The Document: Lays out the ways in which the Federal Government is organized

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Chapter 3 Section 1: Basic Principles

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  1. Chapter 3 Section 1: Basic Principles

  2. An Outline of the Constitution • The Constitution sets out the basic principles upon which government in the United States was built and operates today. • The Document: • Lays out the ways in which the Federal Government is organized • Explains how the leaders of that government are selected • Lists the many procedures that the leaders must follow • Sets out the limits within which government must conduct itself • Even with is 27 amendments, the Constitution is a fairly brief document. Its little more than 7,000 words can be read in a about an hour and half. • The Constitution begins with a short introduction (Preamble). The rest of the document is divided into seven numbered sections (articles).

  3. Articles of the Constitution: • Article I - Article III: Deals with the three branches of Government. • Article IV: deals with the States and their relationships with the National Government. • Article V: Explains how formal amendments may be added to the document. • Article VI: Explains how the Constitution is the nation’s supreme law. • Article VII: Explains the ratification process of the Constitution

  4. The seven Article of the Constitution are followed by the 27 amendments, printed in the order in which they were adopted. • The Constitution is built around six basic principles. They are: • Popular Sovereignty • Limited Government • Separation of Powers • Checks and Balances • Judicial Review • Federalism • Popular Sovereignty • This terms means that in our country, all political power resides in the people. The people are the only source for any and all governmental power. Government can only operate with the permission of the people.

  5. Limited Government The terms means that no government is “all powerful”. Government can only do what the people have given them the power to do. In other words, government must obey the law. Separation of Powers The Constitution distributes the powers of the National Government among the Congress (Legislative), the President (Executive), and the courts (Judicial). Checks and Balances This term means that each branch is subject to a number of constitutional restraints by the other branches. In other words, each branch has certain powers with which it can check the operations of the other two.

  6. Judicial Review This term gives the power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a governmental action. Judicial Review is the the power to declare something “unconstitutional”. This power is held by all federal courts and by most State courts. Federalism The division of power among a central government and several regional governments. In other words, the National Governments get certain powers, the State and local governments get certain powers, and they all share a handful of powers.

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