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Structural Analysis in Document Interpretation: a Primer

Structural Analysis in Document Interpretation: a Primer. Mathieu Delalandre ¹ , Eric Trupin ¹ , Jean-Marc Ogier ² ¹ PSI Laboratory, Rouen University, France ² L3I Laboratory, La Rochelle University, France Phd thesis website: http://site.voila.fr/roxml. Plan. Introduction

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Structural Analysis in Document Interpretation: a Primer

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  1. Structural Analysis in Document Interpretation:a Primer Mathieu Delalandre¹ , Eric Trupin¹, Jean-Marc Ogier² ¹PSI Laboratory, Rouen University, France ²L3I Laboratory, La Rochelle University, France Phd thesis website: http://site.voila.fr/roxml ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  2. Plan • Introduction • Global Structural Analysis • Local Structural Analysis • Method Combination • Conclusion ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  3. Plan • Introduction • Global Structural Analysis • Local Structural Analysis • Method Combination • Conclusion ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  4. Introduction • document interpretation • handwriting • structured document • graphics (symbol, technical document, map) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  5. A C B D Introduction • shape recognition process • statistical analysis and recognition (Jain 2000) • structural analysis and recognition (Tombre 1996) feature extraction or ‘analysis’ (Loncarnic 1998) recognition <network> <part id=”1”> <symbols> <labels></labels> </symbols> </part> </network> ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  6. Introduction • structural recognition • graph-matching approach (Hancock 2002) • grammar approach (Blostein 1995) • structural analysis local global ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  7. Plan • Introduction • Global Structural Analysis • Local Structural Analysis • Method Combination • Conclusion ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  8. Global Structural Analysis • applications • structured document • form (Altamura 2001) • character string (Loo 2001) • mathematical formula (Leplumey 2002) • graphics • technical drawing (Burge 1995) • symbol (Delalandre 2002) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  9. Global Structural Analysis • approaches : • direct : document  object (up bottom) • indirect : connected component  object (bottom up) choice of granularity exploration as multi-resolution analysis (Tan 2001) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  10. Global Structural Analysis • split & merge (Hadjar 2001) • graph of Voronoi’s regions (Burge 1995) indirect (Burge 1995) direct (Hadjar 2001) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  11. Global Structural Analysis • method comparison • direct methods • advantages : low complexity, high-level object • drawbacks : object segmentation • indirect methods • advantages : object segmentation • drawbacks : low level object  recognition step ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  12. Plan • Introduction • Global Structural Analysis • Local Structural Analysis • Method Combination • Conclusion ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  13. Local Structural Analysis • applications • character • latin (Trier 1996) • asian (Fan 2002) • graphics • technical drawing (Liu 1999) • symbol (Lladós-2001) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  14. A A A C C C B B B D D D Local Structural Analysis • four steps: object graph extraction mathematical approximation high level object construction object graph correction ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  15. Local Structural Analysis • object graph extraction (1) skeletonisation contouring tracking run region meshes segmented object ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  16. tracking contouring skeletonisation Local Structural Analysis • object graph extraction (2) • skeletonisation based methods, two steps: • skeletonisation (Lam 1995) • skeleton graph extraction (Tombre 1999)(Lau 2002) • contouring based methods • morphological based methods (Hasan 2000) • following based methods (Ablameyko & Pridmore 2000) • tracking based methods, two tracking types: • line tracking (Song 2002) • junction tracking (Ogier 1992) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  17. run region Local Structural Analysis • object graph extraction (3) • run decomposition based methods • vertical and horizontal run graph (Burge 1998) • region decomposition based methods • orientation map (Cao 2000) and wave aggregation (Delalandre 2003) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  18. segmented object meshes Local Structural Analysis • object graph extraction (4) • meshes based methods, two steps: • vectorisation with meshes library (vaxivière 1995) • segmented based methods, two segmentations: • line, circle and ellipsis segmentation (Matas 1999) (Su 2002) • junction segmentation (Chen 2000) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  19. Local Structural Analysis • mathematical approximation • vector, circle, and curve fitting (Rosin 1995) • high level object construction • circle reconstruction (Hilaire 2001) • contour matching (Zou 2000) (Ramel 2000) circle reconstruction mathematical approximation contour matching ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  20. Local Structural Analysis • object graph correction, some examples: • pruning merging (Delalandre 2003) • junction fusion (Lin 2002) • vectorial correction (Hilaire 2001) • and so on … pruning & merging junction fusion vectorial correction ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  21. Criterion best method junction tracking, run, region morphology run, region invariance skeletonisation, contouring sensitivity object segmentation semantic meshes, tracking, object segmentation reversibility region, run complexity tracking, meshes Local Structural Analysis • method comparison (1) • object graph extraction, seven criteria: • Junction: junction detection • Morphology: various shape analysis • Invariance: scale and orientation change • Sensitivity: noise resistance • Semantic: low or high level object • Reversibility: image return • Complexity: low algorithmic complexity ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  22. Plan • Introduction • Global Structural Analysis • Local Structural Analysis • Method Combination • Conclusion ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  23. Comparison combination different analysis and recognition, then comparison  multi representation skeletonisation and contouring (Nakajima 1999) Analysis Recognition 1 comparison Analysis Recognition 2 Method Combination ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  24. Analysis or Recognition Recognition Hybrid construction Analysis or Recognition Method Combination • hybrid combination • different analysis, then hybrid graph construction and recognition •  multi representation • contour concavity and region graph (El-Badawy 2002) • statistical structural approach (Delalandre 2003) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  25. Analysis or Recognition Analysis Recognition Method Combination • cooperative combination • first analysis in or order to help the second analysis •  process simplification • object simplification (Song 2002) ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  26. Plan • Introduction • Global Structural Analysis • Local Structural Analysis • Method Combination • Conclusion ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  27. Conclusion • structural analysis: • image  graph • groups or decomposes the connected components • method combination: • a research perspective •  multi representation •  process simplification ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

  28. End • sorry for my absent, any question ? • Mail: mathieu.delalandre@univ-rouen.fr • Phd Website: http://site.voila.fr/roxml ICISP’2003 : Agadir, Morocco : 24 June, 2003

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