1 / 10

Wheelock XXXIII

Wheelock XXXIII. Conditions. Conditional Sentences. Consist of two parts: 1) the condition ("protasis"): subordinate clause usually introduced by sī or nisi and stating hypothetical circumstance

deon
Download Presentation

Wheelock XXXIII

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Wheelock XXXIII Conditions

  2. Conditional Sentences Consist of two parts: 1) the condition ("protasis"): subordinate clause usually introduced by sīor nisiand stating hypothetical circumstance 2) the conclusion ("apodosis"): main clause, expressing the anticipated outcome if the premise is true

  3. I. Indicative Conditionals 1. Simple fact present: - Present indicative in both clauses - If he is doing this [and quite possibly he is], he is wise. 2. Simple fact past: - Past tense indicative in both clauses - If he did this [and quite possibly he did], he was wise. 3. Simple fact future (a.k.a. future more vivid) - Future indicative in both clauses - If he does (will do) this [and quite possibly he will], he will be wise.

  4. II. Subjunctive Conditionals 1. Contrary to fact present: - Imperfect subjunctive in both clauses! - Translate were (...ing) and would (be) - If he were doing this [but he is not], he would be wise [but isn't]. 2. Contrary to fact past: - Pluperfect subjunctive in both clauses - translate had and would have - If he had done this [but he did not], he wouldhave been wise [but he was not].

  5. II. Subjunctive Conditionals 3. Future less vivid (a.k.a. "should-would") - Present subjunctive in both clauses - translate should...would - If he should do this [he may, he may not], he would be wise.

  6. Conditional Practice • Sī hoc dīcet, errābit. • Sī hoc dīcit, errat. • Sī hoc dīxisset, errāvisset. • Sī hoc dīcat, erret. • Sī hoc dīxit, errāvit. • Sī hoc dīceret, errāret.

  7. More Practice • Sī veniat, hoc videat. • Sī vēnit, hoc vīdit. • Sī venīret, hoc vidēret. • Sī vēnisset, hoc vīdisset. *Note that quis, quid has a new definition after sī, nisi, nē, num **Sometimes there are "mixed conditions" or an imperative in the conclusion... but you'll do it right.

  8. Translate. Identify the conditional type. • Sī vīs pācem, parā bellum. (parā=prepare for) • Arma sunt parvī pretiī, nisi vērō cōnsilium est in patriā. (pretium, -iī = value) • Nisi illa sevēritās contrā istōs suscepta esset, salūs omnium ūnā nocte certē āmissa esset. (sevēritās, -tātis) • Sī quid dē mē posse agī putābis, id agēs.

  9. Translate. Identify the conditional type. • Sī essem cōnscius ūllīus culpae, aequō animō hoc malum ferrem. (cōnscius = conscious) • Sī quis ad illa subitō tē agat, illum modum vītae recūsēs. • Sī tē in speculō vīderis, dīcēs "heu"! • Nīl habet īnfēlīx paupertās dūrius in sē quam quod rīdiculōs hominēs facit.* (quod = the fact that)

  10. Semper pauper eris, sī pauper es, Aemiliāne: dantur opēs nūllī nunc nisi dīvitibus. - Martial 5.81

More Related