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Belfast

Belfast. Presented by: Anna Horstkotte, Stephanie Kampmann, Anja Kramer and Melanie Neuhaus. Overview. Introduction History Religious Conflict Politics and Economy Tourism Belfast Dialect. I. Introduction - Geography -. Capital of Northern Ireland

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Belfast

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  1. Belfast Presented by: Anna Horstkotte, Stephanie Kampmann, Anja Kramer and Melanie Neuhaus

  2. Overview • Introduction • History • Religious Conflict • Politics and Economy • Tourism • Belfast Dialect

  3. I. Introduction- Geography - • Capital of Northern Ireland • located in the East of Northern Ireland • Belfast Lough at the mouth of River Lagan • ringed by high hills, sea lough and river valley

  4. Geography • Province of Ulster • Population • city of Belfast: 275.000 people • greater Belfast area: 550.000 people

  5. II. History • Early History • Founding of the City • Expansion during the Industrial Time • The 20th Century • The Second World War • Recent History

  6. 1. Early History • the side of Belfast has been occupied since the Bonze Ages • in 1177 a Norman Fortress was founded

  7. 2. Founding of the City • in 1603 Belfast is founded by English and Scottish settlers • plan of Sir Arthur Chinester to colonise and remove Irish Catholics from the land • tension with the existing Irish Catholic population, rebellion in 1641 • later small number of French Hugenots settle, fleeing persecution

  8. 3. Expansion during the Industrial Time • in the 19th Century Belfast becomes Ireland’s pre-eminent industrial city • migrants come to Belfast from all across Ireland, Scotland and England • in that period first outbreaks of sectarian riots • in 1901 Belfast is the largest city in Ireland

  9. 4. The 20th Century • Belfast becomes the center of Irish unionism • in 1922 Belfast is declared the capital of Northern Ireland • period after the partition is marked by vicious sectarian disturbance and dramatic hardening of the city’s sectarian boundaries • after the creation of Northern Ireland many Catholics leave the city • Belfast suffers during the Great Depression

  10. 5. The Second World War • During the second world war Belfast is one of the main cities bombed by the Germans in the United Kingdom • Belfast is a target because of its concentration on heavy shipbuilding and aerospace industry

  11. 6. Recent History • in the early 1980th devastation of the city’s economy due to general decline of manufacturing industry • in 1997 unionists loose control of the Belfast City Council for the first time in history • since then two Catholic mayors: one from the SDLP and one from the Sinn Féin • in 1994 ceasefires, although communal segregation has continued and occasional low level street violence still occurs

  12. III. Religious Conflict Overview • Cultural/ Religious Groupings • The partition of Ireland • Religion and Class • Policing • Situation in 2004

  13. 1. Cultural/ Religious Groupings Main Churches: • Catholic Church The Church of Ireland (Protestant Anglican) The Presbyterian Church The Methodist Church • Protestant/ Unionist The Apprentice Boysof Derry The Orange Order The Royal Black Institution • Catholic/ Nationalist The Ancient Order of Hibernians

  14. 2. The Partition of Ireland • Origins of the troubles - debate over whether Ireland, or part of Ireland, should be part of the United Kingdom • Some Irish felt anger over their treatment by the British • 1922 – partition of Ireland into two seperate regions, one of them “Northern Ireland“ • Northern Ireland - self-governing region of the United Kingdom • Nationalists – illegal and immoral division of the island against the will of its people

  15. 3. Religion and Class • Clear divide in terms of religion • Left-right divide between the various communities • Northern Ireland of the 1960s needed change: Civil Rights Movement (moderate nationalists): wide reforms Republicans: radical change

  16. 4. Policing • Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) – largely Protestant • Catholics did not join in the numbers expected by the British • Policing review – some reforms of policing • Renaming of the RUC – avoid using the word “Royal“

  17. 5. Situation in 2004 • Irish and British Government continue to seek a solution • Good Friday Agreement: period that came after the Troubles, the Northern Ireland peace process • “Marching Seasons“: anti- Catholic Orange Order Parade through various neighbourhoods;

  18. IV. Politics and Economy1. Politics • 51 councillors elected to Belfast City Council in the local goverment elections in 2005 • 15 Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) • 14 Sinn Féin • 8 Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) • 7 Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) • 4 Alliance Party • 2 Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) • 1 Independent

  19. 1. Politics • 4 UK parliamentary and Assembly constituencisies (North, West, South & East Belfast) • In the general election 2005 they elected 2 DUP MP´s, 1 SDLP MP & 1 Sinn Féin MP

  20. 2. Economy • Port and shipbuilding industry very important • The world´s largest drydock is located in the city (Titanic & Thomas Andrews) • famous for linen industry and rope-making • Tourism is also important for the city

  21. V. Tourism • Transport & Hotels • Top 5 things to do • Ulster Museum • Events

  22. You can travel by: Plane Train Car Ship Many opportunities to stay: Bed & Breakfast self catering Guesthouses Hotels up to 5* 1. Transport & Hotels

  23. 2. Top 5 things to do • visit Belfasts historical sights • go to Ulster Museum • shopping • make a trip around the pubs • enjoy the nightlife in the city

  24. 3. Ulster Museum • Museum was opened 1833 • It got the name “Ulster Museum“ in 1962 as it was transferred to trustees • the museum now has 8.000 square meters • Exhibition of a big collection of ethnographic items, arts, archaeology, geology etc. • It has the status of being Northern Irelands national museum

  25. 4. Events • Dance • World Irish Dancing Championship • Music • Festivals, Opera, Musicals • Sports • Belfast city Marathon

  26. VI. Belfast Dialect • Inculdes a number of features of Ulster Scots origin • Vocabulary: mebbe (maybe), thon (than), yer (your), ay (yes) and ye (you) • gramatical and syntactical features: for til and for to (e.g. „I‘m waiting on ye for til wash the car.“ or „He‘s come over for to see the film.“) • Avoiding auxiliaries shall, ought and may • use of is and was (e.g. „Yer man and me is…“ or „Him and me eats everything.“)

  27. Bibliography • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belfast • http://www.geographia.com/northern-ireland/ukibel00.htm • http://www.scots-online.org/grammar/belfast.htm • www.gotobelfast.com

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