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FraL 11

FraL 11. Une révision des temps de verbes. L’Infinitif Danser = To dance. A verb in its natural , non- conjugated form . Used whenever a verb has no subject : 2 nd verb , general instruction, after a preposition or on it’s own .

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FraL 11

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  1. FraL11 Une révision des temps de verbes

  2. L’InfinitifDanser = To dance • A verb in itsnatural, non-conjugatedform. • Usedwhenever a verb has no subject: 2ndverb, general instruction, after a prepositionor on it’sown. • All French verbsfallinto one of three ‘families’ each of whichfollows the samegeneralconjugationrules. (many exceptions though!): • ER • IR (OIR) • RE

  3. Le PrésentJe danse = I dance / I am dancing / I do dance • For all actions thatoccur in the present (except for givingorders and 2 eventsthathappensimultaneously) • One word. Generally, drop the –er, -ir or –re and add the ending. However - Many, manyexceptions! • Je - e/s (x) • Tu - (e)s/(x) • Il - e/nothing (t) • Nous - ons • Vous - ez • Ils - ent

  4. Le Passé ComposéJ’ai dansé = I danced/I did dance/ I have danced • Used for past actions thatwereisolated (not repeated an unspecifiednumber of times) and completed. • TWO WORDS: An auxiliaryverb and the pastparticiple. • Auxiliary: Either Avoir or Être in the presenttense. Être is for ‘Vandertramp’ verbs and pronominal verbs, Avoir is for all others. • Pastparticiple: Several exceptions but generally: • ER – é • IR- i • RE - u

  5. L’ImparfaitJe dansais=I wasdancing/I used to dance/I danced • Used for past actions that are habitual (repeated), incomplete (interrupted) or non-actions (feelings and descriptions). • One wordformedfrom a ‘root’ and and ‘ending’. • Root: Take ‘nous’ in the presenttense and drop the ‘-ons’ ending. (one exception : etre -> et-) • Endings: • Je-ais • Tu-ais • Il-ait • Nous-ions • Vous-iez • Ils-aient

  6. Le Plus-que-parfaitJ’avais dansé = I haddanced/I had been dancing • Used for all past actions thattook place prior to anotherpastaction. (the pastof the past) • TWO WORDS: Auxiliary and pastparticiple. • Auxiliary: Etre or Avoir in the IMPARFAIT. • Pastparticiple: Same as for the passe compose.

  7. Le Futur SimpleJe danserai = I will dance • Used for future actions. (Generallyonesthat are further in the future) • One wordformed of a root and an ending. • Root: Most verbs use their infinitive form (ER/IR/RE). For –RE verbs drop the final ‘E’ so the rootalways ends in an ‘R’. Also, almost 20 exceptions to memorise. • Ending: ‘Avoir’ in the presenttense, except for ‘nous’ and ‘vous’ whichlose the ‘av-’. • Je-ai • Tu-as • Il-a • Nous-ons • Vous-ez • Ils-ont

  8. Le ConditionnelJe danserais = I would dance • Used for all conditional actions (would ________ /could/should in English. • One wordformed by combining a root and an ending. • Root: Same as the FUTUR SIMPLE • Endings: Same as the IMPARFAIT

  9. Le SubjonctifQue je danse… = that I dance • Not anotherverbtense, rather a different MODE. Used for possible or desired actions thatlikely do not alreadyexist in reality. Almostalwayspreceded but QUE… (however ‘que’ is not alwaysfollowed by the subjunctive!) Used more often in French than in English. (may) • One wordformedfrom a root and an ending. • Root: For je,tu,il and ils – Use ‘ils’ in the present indicative minus the –ent. For nous/vous – use ‘nous’ in the present minus the –ons. • Endings: je – e / tu – es / il – e / nous – ions / vous – iez / ils – ent. • 9 exceptions to memorise: Avoir/Être/Savoir/Vouloir/ Pouvoir/Pleuvoir/Falloir/Aller/Faire/Valoir

  10. Les Autres:Dansez! = Dance!Je vais danser = I’mgoing to danceJe viens de danser = I justdansed • L’impératif: For givingorders • Similar to the presenttense, somedifferences. • Onlyconjugatedwith ‘tu’, ‘nous’ or ‘vous’ • In the affirmative the pronouns are placed AFTER the verb: Lève-toi! • Le futur proche: For events in the near future • Formedwith ‘aller’ in the presenttense + the verb in its infinitive form • Le passé récent: For veryrecentpast actions • Threewords: The verb ‘venir’ in the presenttense + de + the verb in its infinitive form. (J’ai juste dansé– does NOT exist!)

  11. Les Autres : PassésJ’aurai dansé = I will have dancedJ’aurais dansé = I would have dancedQue j’aie dansé… = that I might/may have dancedAvoir dansé = to have danced • Futur Antérieur: The past of the future. Describes an action thatwill have alreadyhappenedwhenanother action occurs. • Composedverb: Auxiliary (être/avoir) in the futur simple + the pastparticiple. • Conditionnel Passé: The past of the conditional. Describes an action thatwould have happened if anotherhad been true. (regrets!) • Composedverb: Auxiliary (être/avoir) in the presentconditional + the pastparticiple. • Subjonctif Passé: The past of the presentsubjunctive. • Composedverb: Auxiliary(être/avoir) in the presentsubjunctive + the pastparticiple. • Infinitif Passé: The past of the infinitive (when a 2nd action or action after a preposition (Après!) occured in the past.) • Composedverb: Auxiliary (être/avoir) + pastparticiple

  12. Les ParticipesEn dansant = by dancing/while dancingDansé = dancedAyant dansé = havingdanced • L’année prochaine!! 

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