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Development, Specifications, and Application Experience with 80 ksi (552 MPa) Linepipe by J. Malcolm Gray Paper present

Development, Specifications, and Application Experience with 80 ksi (552 MPa) Linepipe by J. Malcolm Gray Paper presented at the ABM Annual Congress Vitoria, Brasil 23 July 2007. Overview. Introduction Application Metallurgical Approaches Chemical Compositions Specifications

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Development, Specifications, and Application Experience with 80 ksi (552 MPa) Linepipe by J. Malcolm Gray Paper present

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  1. Development, Specifications, and Application Experience with 80 ksi (552 MPa) Linepipe by J. Malcolm Gray Paper presented at the ABM Annual Congress Vitoria, Brasil 23 July 2007

  2. Overview • Introduction • Application • Metallurgical Approaches • Chemical Compositions • Specifications • Weldability • Fracture Control

  3. Figure 1. Development periods for high strength linepipe

  4. Figure 2. Increase in North American natural gas pipeline operating pressures1)

  5. Macro Trends • Higher Pressures • Thicker Wall • Higher Toughness • Lower Carbon • Higher Alloy Contents • Need for updated specifications. • Cost pressures due to steel prices. • Globalization of manufacture.

  6. Figure 3. Progress in adopting X-80 Steel.

  7. Table III

  8. Figure 4. Comparison of HAZ hardnesses for mechanized welds in Nb-Mo, Nb-Cr & Nb-V Steel.

  9. Table IV Chemical Compositions of X-80 Pipe Use For Recent Projects

  10. No prior use of X-70/80 acicular ferrite steels. • Lack of knowledge or confidence. (c) Isolation. • Committee squabbling. (e) Copy and paste mentality at Engineering companies. (f) No platform for change. (g) Bureaucratic inertia. (h) Long term bad habits.

  11. Table V Summary of EWI Microalloying Recommend Chemical Composition Limits

  12. Figure 5. Comparison of limits for vanadium and niobium for different pipe grades.

  13. Figure 6. HAZ hardness as a function of heat input and Pcm.

  14. Figure 7. Comparison of mean hot rolling flow stress – X70 and X80 steels8)

  15. Development of Blended Approach to Defect Acceptance Criteria (Shaded area was adopted by the project) Figure 15. Defect acceptance levels for Cheyenne Plains X-80 Girth Welds.

  16. Figure 16. Fracture Arrest Predictions: Recent Analyses for X-100

  17. Project Year Company Country Product Grade Wall thickness (mm) Tons Production History 0.10% Niobium HTP Steel TCPL 1972-Present Ipsco Canada Coil and Pipe X-70/80 11.8 TCPL, Hearst Ontario 1982 Algoma Steel Canadian Phoenix Canada Plate Pipe 15.7 35000 Iroquois Project 1990 Stelco Canada Pipe X65 20.0 18000 Cantarell 1998 Mittal Steel PMT Mexico Slab, Plate, Pipe X70 sour gas 22.6 65000 Cameron Highway, offshore 2003 Azov Stal Steel Ukraine Plate X-65 18.0 Welspun India Pipe X-65 18.0 Cheyenne Plains 2004 Oregon Steel Mills/Napa Pipe USA Plate, Coil, Pipe X80 11.8 35000 1st West-East Gas Pipeline 2004 Bao Steel China Plate and Coil X70 Anshan Steel China Plate X70 Julong Pipe China Pipe X70 Europipe Germany Pipe X70 30000 Independence Trail, offshore 2005 Azov Stal Welspun Ukraine India Plate X70 30.9 TCPL 2005 Azov Stal Welspun Ukraine India Plate Pipe X-75 (X-80) 22.0 800 Gulf South 2006 Nanjing Steel China Plate and Coil X-80 Rockies Express 2007-2009 Oregon Steel USA Coil X70/X80 14.3/15.9

  18. Figure 17

  19. Figure 18. Relationship between maximum thinning strain efand Charpy energy

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