Reformation: Questions for the Day

1. Reformation:Questions for the Day Daniel W. Blackmon Coral Gables Sr. High

2. Identifications of the Day • Thomas Muenzer • Thomas a Kempis • consubstantiation • cuius regio, eius religio • “Appeal to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation”

3. Multiple Choice Which of the following most accurately states Martin Luther’s basic religious belief as a leader of the Protestant Reformation? A. Monasticism is the highest calling B. Personal works matter more than beliefs C. Faith is the key to salvation D. Christians are not subject to secular authority E. Christians should show tolerance toward other faiths.

4. Multiple Choice Salvation by faith alone, the ministry of all believers, and the authority of the Bible are principles basic to A. The Christian humanism of Erasmus B. The Church of England C. Catholicism after the Council of Trent D. Lutheranism in the early sixteenth century E. The Society of Jesus (Jesuit order)

5. Multiple Choice Martin Luther initially criticized the Roman Catholic church on the grounds that it A. Supported priests as religious teachers B. Sponsored translations of the Bible into vernacular languages.

6. Multiple Choice C. Reduced the number of sacraments D. Used indulgences as a fund-raising device E. Formed close associations with secular rulers.

7. Multiple Choice Martin Luther believed that the most important role for a Christian woman was to A. Minister to the sick and the poor B. Preach the word of God in church on Sunday

8. Multiple Choice C. Become a wife and mother D. Lead a life devoted primarily to prayer and contemplation E. Teach reading and writing in a religious school

9. Multiple Choice • “You venerate the saints and delight in touching their relics, but you despise the best one they left behind, the example of a holy life . . . . If the worship of Christ in the person of His saints pleases you so much, see to it that you imitate Christ in the saints”

10. Multiple Choice • The quotation above expresses the views of which of the following? • A. Henry VIII of England • B. Catherine de Medici • C. Erasmus of Rotterdam • D. Leonardo da Vinci • E. Niccolò Machiavelli

11. Essay of the Day

12. Essay of the Day • The chalice shown above on the left [above] was used by a sixteenth-century Roman Catholic priest in the celebration of the Mass;

13. Essay of the Day • the wooden cup shown on the right is what he used to celebrate the Lord’s Supper after he left the Church and became a follower of Martin Luther. How does the new cup reflect the theology and the ideals of the Reformation? AP 1979

14. Key Terms • “chalice” “Mass” • “wooden cup” “Lord’s Supper” • “Reformation” • “theology and ideals ”

15. SFI: Catholic Theology / Ideals • Transubstantiation • Papal authority / hierarchical organization • Scripture and Church tradition • Justification by faith and works • Sacraments: Baptism, Eucharist, Holy Orders, Holy Unction, Marriage, Confirmation, Penance

16. SFI: Catholic Theology / Ideals • Clerical celibacy • Monasticism • Priestly vocation • Index of Prohibited Books • Roman Inquisition • Visual worship

17. SFI: Protestant Theology / Ideals • Consubstantiation • Subordination of Church to State (Lutheran, Anglican) or organization by Presbytery • Sola Scriptura • Justification by faith alone • Sacraments: Baptism, Eucharist

18. SFI: Protestant Theology / Ideals • Clergy may marry • Rejection of monastic orders • Priesthood of all believers, doctrine of calling

19. SFI: Protestant Theology / Ideals • Geneva Consistory • Aural worship • Emphasis on educating everyone, including women

20. Identifications of the Day • “Against the Thieving Murderous Hordes of Peasants” • Diet of Worms • Geneva Consistory • Ulrich Zwingli • Siege of Munster

21. Multiple Choice • Which of the following resulted from the English Reformation? • A. Immediate wholesale persecution of Catholics in England. • B. Establishment of the English monarch as head of the Church of England.

22. Multiple Choice • C. The pope’s naming of Henry VIII as “Defender of the Faith.” • D. Papal recognition f the English church as independent, but still affiliated with Rome. • E. A revolt by members of the English aristocracy opposed to the Reformation.

23. Multiple Choice • The leaders of the Protestant Reformation have been divided by some contemporary Reformation historians into a “right wing” and a “left wing.” Of the following, who is the only one who may be said to have belonged to the left?

24. Multiple Choice • A. Martin Luther • B. John Knox • C. Philipp Melanchthon • D. Thomas Münzer • E. John Calvin

25. Multiple Choice • The teachings of which of the following had the greatest impact on the Reformation in Scotland? • A. Ignatius of Loyola • B. John Calvin • C. Martin Luther • D. Desiderius Erasmus • E. Ulrich Zwingli

26. Multiple Choice • “In conformity, therefore, to the clear doctrine of the Scripture, we assert, that by an eternal and immutable counsel, God has once for all determined, both whom he would admit to salvation, and whom he would condemn to destruction.”

27. Multiple Choice • The idea expressed in the passage above is most closely associated with the theological views of • A. Erasmus • B. Pope Leo X • C. Thomas More • D. John Calvin • E. Ignatius Loyola

28. Multiple Choice • Which of the following is true of the German Peasants’ Revolt of 1524-1525? • A. The revolt led to the emancipation of the German serfs. • B. The revolt was organized by Martin Luther to break papal power in the German states.

29. Multiple Choice • C. The peasants were supported by French armies during the revolt. • D. The revolt was the first in Europe in which economic egalitarianism was a major rallying point. • E. The revolt resulted from a combination of new religious ideas and peasant demands.

30. Essay of the Day • “Luther was both a revolutionary and a conservative.”

31. Essay of the Day • Evaluate this statement with respect to Luther’s responses to the political and social questions of his day. AP 1983

32. Key Terms • “Revolutionary” • “Conservative” • “Evaluate” • “Political” • “Social”

33. Define: • “Conservative” • “Revolutionary”

34. SFI: Political • Frederick of Saxony • “Appeal to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation.” • Schmalkaldic League • Cuius regio, eius religio

35. SFI: Political • “Unless I am convinced by the evidence of Scripture or by plain reason–for I do not accept the authority of the Pope or the councils alone,. . . –I am bound by the Scriptures I have cited and my conscience is captive to the Word of God. I cannot and will not recant anything, for it is neither safe nor right to go against conscience. God help me. Amen”

36. SFI: Social • On Christian Liberty • Against the Murderous, Thieving Hordes of Peasants • Companionate marriage • Home as a haven of peace: Children, Kitchen, Church

37. SFI: Social • Literacy • Education of Women

38. What Is Your Thesis? • In what ways is Luther revolutionary? • In what ways is Luther conservative?

39. Identifications of the Day • Supremacy Act • Elizabethan Settlement • John Knox • Council of Trent • Ignatius of Loyola

40. Multiple Choice • John Calvin established the center of his reformed church in • A. Lyon • B. London • C. Wittenberg • D. Geneva • E. Basel

41. Multiple Choice • The primary purpose of the Peace of Augsburg (1555) was to • A. End the wars between the Hapsburgs and the Valois • B. End the civil war between Lutherans and Roman Catholics in the German states • C. End the Thirty Years’ War

42. Multiple Choice • D. Create better trade relations between the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Turks • E. Facilitate diplomatic relations between the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Turks

43. Multiple Choice • On which of the following did Luther and Calvin DISAGREE? • A. Toleration for minority viewpoints • B. Relation of the church to civil authority

44. Multiple Choice • C. The authority of the Scriptures • D. The existence of the Trinity • E. The retention of the sacrament of baptism

45. Multiple Choice • The Protestant Reformation helped change the social roles of sixteenth century women by • A. Making marriage a sacrament • B. Reemphasizing the adoration of the Virgin MaryE. Denying the right to divorce

46. Multiple Choice • C. Reducing access to religious orders • D. Emphasizing the social equality of men and women

47. Identifications of the Day • St. Teresa of Avila • Spiritual Exercises • Thomas Cromwell • Index of Prohibited Books • Roman Inquisition

48. Essay of the Day • Compare and contrast the attitudes of Martin Luther and John Calvin toward political authority and social order. AP 1995

49. Key Terms • “Compare and Contrast” • “Political authority” • “Social order”

50. Luther “Appeal to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation.” Calvin Geneva Consistory Michael Servetus SFI: Political Authority