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Naming Molecules. Naming Molecules. P 2 O 5. Naming Molecules. Rule 1: The first element in the formula is always named first, using the entire element name. P 2 O 5. Naming Molecules. Rule 1: The first element in the formula is always named first, using the entire element name. P 2 O 5
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Naming Molecules • P2O5
Naming Molecules • Rule 1: • The first element in the formula is always named first, using the entire element name. • P2O5
Naming Molecules • Rule 1: • The first element in the formula is always named first, using the entire element name. • P2O5 • phosphorous
Naming Molecules • Rule 2: • The second element in the formula is named using the root of the element and adding the suffix –ide. • P2O5 • phosphorous
Naming Molecules • Rule 2: • The second element in the formula is named using the root of the element and adding the suffix –ide. • P2O5 • phosphorous oxide
Naming Molecules • Rule 3: • Prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms of each type that are present in the compound. • P2O5 • phosphorous oxide
Naming Molecules • mono- • di- • tri- • tetra- • penta- • 6 hexa- • 7 hepta- • octa- • nona- • deca- • P2O5 • phosphorous oxide
Naming Molecules • mono- • di- • tri- • tetra- • penta- • 6 hexa- • 7 hepta- • octa- • nona- • deca- • P2O5 • diphosphorous pentoxide
Naming Molecules • Exception: • The first element never uses the prefix mono-.
Naming Molecules • Exception: • The first element never uses the prefix mono-. • CO • carbon monoxide
Naming Molecules • Exception: • The first element never uses the prefix mono- • CO • carbon monoxide • Not monocarbon monoxide.
Naming Molecules • You will have to use these rules on your next test.
Common Names • We don’t usually talk about dihydrogen monoxide
Common Names • We don’t usually talk about dihydrogen monoxide • H2O
Common Names • We don’t usually talk about dihydrogen monoxide. • It’s just called water. • H2O
Common Names • dihydrogen monoxide • H2O • water
Common Names • nitrogen trihydride
Common Names • nitrogen trihydride • NH3
Common Names • nitrogen trihydride • NH3 • ammonia
Common Names • dinitrogen tetrahydride
Common Names • dinitrogen tetrahydride • N2H4 • hydrazine
Common Names • dinitrogen monoxide
Common Names • dinitrogen monoxide • N2O
Common Names • dinitrogen monoxide • N2O • nitrous oxide • laughing gas
Common Names • nitrogen monoxide
Common Names • nitrogen monoxide • NO • nitric oxide
Common Names • I will not ask you to memorize common names. • I just want you to know they exist.
Naming Acids • If a molecule forms an acid when dissolved in water, there are other rules.
Naming Acids • Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX)
Naming Acids • Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) • hydro________ic acid • Fill in the blank with the root of the element
Naming Acids • Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) • hydro________ic acid • Fill in the blank with the root of the element • HCl
Naming Acids • Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) • hydro________ic acid • Fill in the blank with the root of the element • HCl • hydrochloric acid
Naming Acids • Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) • hydro________ic acid • Fill in the blank with the root of the element • HBr
Naming Acids • Acid rule 1: binary acids (HX) • hydro________ic acid • Fill in the blank with the root of the element • HBr • hydrobromic acid
Naming Acids • Acid rule 2: polyatomic ions (HXY) with no oxygen
Naming Acids • Acid rule 2: polyatomic ions (HXY) with no oxygen • hydro________ic acid • Fill in the blank with the root of the polyatomic ion
Naming Acids • Acid rule 2: polyatomic ions (HXY) with no oxygen • hydro________ic acid • Fill in the blank with the root of the polyatomic ion • HCN
Naming Acids • Acid rule 2: polyatomic ions (HXY) with no oxygen • hydro________ic acid • Fill in the blank with the root of the polyatomic ion • HCN • hydrocyanic acid
Naming Acids • Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) • _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate • _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite
Naming Acids • Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) • _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate • _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite • HNO3
Naming Acids • Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) • _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate • _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite • HNO3 NO3- • nitrate
Naming Acids • Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) • _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate • _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite • HNO3 NO3- • nitric acid nitrate
Naming Acids • Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) • _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate • _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite • HNO2
Naming Acids • Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) • _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate • _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite • HNO2 NO2-
Naming Acids • Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) • _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate • _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite • HNO2 NO2- • nitrite
Naming Acids • Acid rule 3: oxyacids (HXO) • _____ic acid if the ion ends in –ate • _____ous acid if the ion ends in -ite • HNO2 NO2- • nitrous acid nitrite
For the rest of the period… • Read section 9.2 (pages 248-251) in the textbook and do problems 27, 28, and 29 on page 251. • This is due at the end of the period. • .
