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Naming molecules

Naming molecules. Chapter 8.2. Binary molecular compounds. Composed of ONLY two nonmetal atoms Not metals or ions Naming First element in formula named first using complete element name Second element named using its root and adding the suffix –ide

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Naming molecules

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  1. Naming molecules Chapter 8.2

  2. Binary molecular compounds • Composed of ONLY two nonmetal atoms • Not metals or ions • Naming • First element in formula named first using complete element name • Second element named using its root and adding the suffix –ide • Use prefixes (table 8.3 – page 248) to indicate the number of atoms of each element in the compound. • Never use the prefix mono for the first element

  3. Acids • If a compound produces hydrogen ions (H+) in solution, it is an acid • Two common types of acid • Binary acid • Contains hydrogen and one other element • Oxyacid • Contains hydrogen and an oxyanion (polyatomic ion containing one or more oxygen atoms)

  4. Naming binary acids • The first word has the prefix hydro- (for hydrogen) followed by a form of the root of the second element plus the suffix –ic • The second word is always acid • HCl • Hydrochloric acid • HBr • Hydrobromic acid

  5. Naming oxyacids • Identify the oxyanion present • The first word of the oxyacid’s is the root of the oxyanion and the prefix per- or hypo- if it is part of the name followed by a suffix: -icif the suffix was –ate; -ous if the suffix was -ite • The second word is always acid • HClO3: (oxyanion = chlorate) - chloricacid • HClO2: (oxyanion = chlorite) - chlorous acid • HNO3: (oxyaanion = nitrate) - nitric acid • HNO2: (oxyanion = nitrite) – nitrous acid

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