Family Groups in Periodic Table

1. Family Groups in Periodic Table

2. Family Groups • There are 8 Family Groups in all • The members of each Family Group have similar traits. • Group number refers to the number of valence electrons (valence e- = outer shell e-). Groups

3. Group 1 Alkali Metals • Chemically active metals (combine easily with other elements). • Reacts violently with water. • Conducts electricity. • Ductile & Malleable • Have one valence electron. • Note: Hydrogen is not considered an alkali metal although it does combine with other elements like a metal. Groups Arabic word: “ashes” of certain plants

4. Group 2 Alkaline Earth Metals • Less chemically active metals (combine with other elements). • Conducts electricity & heat. • Ductile & Malleable • Have two valence electrons. Groups Oxides remain ‘earth’ (solid) even at high temperatures

5. Groups 3-7 Includes non-metals & semi-metals • Relatively stable elements. • Combine with other elements to form compounds. • Do not conduct electricity & heat • Group 7 are the halogens. • Have seven valence electrons. Groups

6. Group 8 Noble gases • Stable elements (do not combine with other elements naturally). • Have eight valence electrons, except for He which has two (2 e-). Groups Noble or inert gases

7. Transition Metals • Found between group 2 & 3. • Have 1 or 2 electrons in the outermost shell. • Conducts electricity and heat. Groups

8. Metalloids • Found along the solid step-line. • Mixture of properties of metals & non-metals. • Conducts electricity but poor conductor of heat. • non-ductile and non-malleable (very hard substances). Groups

9. Definition • Rows of the periodic table. • Period number represents the number of occupied electron shells. Periods

10. Period 7 • Special metals called actinides (means active). • Heavy atoms known for their “radioactive” properties. • Period 6 are the lanthanides. Periods