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Reforming the workplace. Reforming the Workplace. Imagine you are a muckraker…. Your job to rake up the muck and filth of society In a small group, conduct interviews on one of the topics above.
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Imagine you are a muckraker… • Your job to rake up the muck and filth of society • In a small group, conduct interviews on one of the topics above. • Using the iPads, conduct research on your topic and create a script for your “muckraker interview” • Interviews MUST be a minimum of 90 seconds in length and accurately depict the event or conditions that are being exposed. • Each group MUST have each of the following: • A muckraker • Interviewees (x 2) • Cameraman
Every day at 7:00 AM, 15-year old Sadie Frowne sat down at her machine in a garment factory in Brooklyn, New York. “The machines go like mad all day, because the faster you work the more money you get,” she wrote. “Sometimes in my haste I get my finger caught and the needle goes right through it.” When her workday ended at 6:00 P.M., she felt exhausted.
Child Labor Reform • Many children are forced to work during the 1800’s • Due to low wages for parents • Children made on average $2.40 a week • How much does that break down to an hour??? • More than 1.75 million children 15 and under worked full time in the year 1900 • 1916 and 1919, Congress passes federal child labor laws • The Supreme Court rules this unconstitutional as being a state right
Safety in the Workplace • Demand for reform in multiple areas of work… • Child Labor reform • 8-hour work day • Higher wages • Triangle Shirtwaist Fire (1911) • 35,000 workers deaths and 500,000 injuries in 1900 • Workers compensation laws now passed for injuries
The Courts and Labor • Laissez Faire principles vs workers safety / rights • Lochner v. New York • Ruled that the government could NOT legally limit bakers work days to 10 hours • Violates the 14th amendment's protection of corporations against laws that would take property without due process • Muller v. Oregon • Upheld a law that limits women’s working hours • Women’s health is a matter of public concern
Labor Organizations • Union membership grows from 800,000 in 1900 to 5 million in 1920 • Many union workers began to favor an economic system known as socialism • An economic system in which the government or the workers own and operate a country’s means of production
Women’s Suffrage and Temperance • Women had previously won property rights, and access to higher education following the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 • Progressive women fought for higher education, voting rights, and temperance reform • Helped lead to the passage of the 18thammendment • Prohibition • Helped lead to the passage of the 19thammendment • Women’s right to vote
Minorities fight for change • NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) • W.E.B. Dubois • Protest racial discrimination and segregation to demand equality • Up From Slavery • Booker T. Washington • Do not spend your time fighting discrimination and segregation • Improve your own education and economic well being to get ahead • The Souls of Black Folk