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Learning Objective:

Explore how industrialization spread from Britain to the US, Europe, and the rest of the world, leading to imperialism and global inequality. Learn about the rise of global exploitation and the impact on economies and societies.

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Learning Objective:

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  1. Learning Objective: • Today I will be able to explain how industrialization spread and how it led to imperialism by answering a questionnaire. • Agenda: • Learning Objective • Lecture: Ch. 9.3 • Worksheet • Exit Slip

  2. Title Notes: Ch. 9.3 Industrialization Spreads

  3. Industrialization spreads to the U.S. • U.S. had same resources that allowed Britain to industrialize: 1. Water2. Coal 3. Iron Ore 4. Immigrant Workers

  4. Textile Industry

  5. Textile Industry • Textile 1st to industrialize in the U.S • 1790 first factory in the U.S. is opened in Rhode Island (made thread)

  6. Lowell Factory 1813 • Francis Lowell(1833) mechanized every step of cloth manufacturing • ● Opened factory in Massachusetts

  7. Lowell Factory 1813 • used young immigrant girls as labor • --worked 12 hours a day 6 days a week

  8. Later Industrialization in the U.S. • Industrial Revolution takes off after the Civil War 1865 • Inventions sped up the process • Railroads: companies could ship and sell their goods in other parts of the country

  9. Industrialization Reaches the Rest of Europe • Industrial Revolution was slow to hit rest of Europe • Napoleon’s wars halted trade, interrupted communications between countries, caused inflation (currency becomes less valuable)

  10. Beginnings in Belgium • first European nation to adopt Britain’s new technology • 1799 William Cockerill (British carpenter) smuggled plans to build spinning jenny into Belgium (turns cotton/wool into thread)

  11. Beginnings in Belgium

  12. John Cockerill • William’s ● built son an industrial enterprise in belgium. • made machinery, steam engines, and railway locomotives British workers poured into to Belgium

  13. Germany Industrializes

  14. Germany Industrializes • Germany was politically divided until late 1800’s Industrialization was slowed: • political disunity • economic isolation ● scattered resources

  15. some German citizens sent their kids to Great Britain to learn engineering Germany began to copy the British model Germany built railroads to link its growing cities Germany’s economic strength allowed it to become a military and colonial superpower in the late 1800’s-early 1900’s Pockets of industrialization (1830’s on)

  16. Stop and Ponder! • “Life can only be understood backwards; but it must be lived forwards.” • Søren Aabye Kierkegaard

  17. Expansion Throughout Europe • Bohemia developed spinning industry’ • Spain processed cotton • Northern Italy mechanized textile production (making clothes)

  18. France

  19. France • industrial growth occurred after 1850 • French government built railroads • railroads created a national market for goods in France

  20. In other European nations • industrialization did not occur at this time (mid 1800’s) • mountainous terrain disallowed railroads to be built (Austria-Hungary) • lack of waterways for transportation (Spain)

  21. Worldwide Impact of Industrialization Industrialization spreads around the world

  22. Worldwide Impact of Industrialization • Industrial Revolution shifted balance of power away from Africa, Asia, Latin America and towards Europe

  23. Rise of global inequality • Industrialization widened the gap between Europe and Africa/Asia/Latin America

  24. Natural Resources • Europe colonized and stole natural resources/raw materials from its colonies in Africa/Asia/Latin America

  25. Finished Products • Europe forced their colonies to buy the finished products made with their raw materials!

  26. Britain led the way in colonization • America, Russia, Germany, France, Belgium, The Netherlands, Japan soon followed in taking colonies

  27. Industrialism Leads to Imperialism • Imperialism= one country ruling over many other smaller countries

  28. Imperialism in Asia by 1914

  29. Imperialism in Africa by 1914

  30. Imperialism in Africa 1914 • By 1914 (start of World War I) Ethiopia is the only independent nation left in Africa!

  31. African/Asian economies were still based in agriculture and small workshops This was why Africa/Asia industrialized slower than Europe

  32. Exit Slip • Today in 2015, do industries continue to exploit workers or other countries? Why do you think so?

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