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Digital Preservation Initiatives in the United States

Digital Preservation Initiatives in the United States . A Summary Deanna B. Marcum. Context. In U.S., preservation traditionally a distributed activity Each library or archives responsible for its own holdings and for providing services for its users. Context.

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Digital Preservation Initiatives in the United States

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  1. Digital Preservation Initiatives in the United States A Summary Deanna B. Marcum

  2. Context • In U.S., preservation traditionally a distributed activity • Each library or archives responsible for its own holdings and for providing services for its users

  3. Context • National collection = sum of the individual activities

  4. Context • Physical artifacts are assets that belong to the library or archives • Information contained in artifacts may or may not belong to the institution • Intellectual property rights often stay with creator

  5. Common understandings among stakeholders Practical preservation activity Experimental preservation activity Preservation research 4 Types of activities

  6. Stakeholders with an interest • Creators • Publishers • Archival repositories

  7. All have different interests and motivations

  8. Each has a stake in long term preservation

  9. Selection of single or standard formats Agreements on terms or conditions for distribution of archived information What constitutes a trusted repository Open Archival Information System (OAIS) as the standard reference model Understandings among stakeholders

  10. 4 Commonly understood technical approaches • Migration (including technology preservation) • Emulation • Persistent Object Preservation • Digital Archeology (data mining)

  11. Practical Preservation Activity • NARA - electronic records • Commercial publishers - archiving e-journals • Non-profits - reformatting collections and building archival repositories • Service organizations - digital archives for library community

  12. Practical Preservation Activity • Data creators and data users combining efforts to preserve a body of material - NLM’s creation of PubMed Central • Snapshots of the Web - Internet Archive

  13. Experimental Preservation Activity • InterPARES - develop theoretical and methodological knowledge essential for permanent preservation of records generated electronically • NARA - strategic and technical framework within which it may preserve electronic records

  14. Experimental Preservation Activity • The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation - e-journal archiving project • Stanford University - LOCKSS software tools • IBM Almaden Research Center - universal virtual machine for digital preservation

  15. Architecture and performance of archival repositories Persistent identification and naming of archived information Methods for recording and ensuring authenticity of archived information Degradation and testing of magnetic and other media Preservation Research

  16. Attributes of preservable digital information Attributes of trusted archival repositories Development of standards related to digital archives Automatic copying and distribution of digital information Cornell’s PRISM Preservation Research

  17. Library of Congress • National Digital Information Infrastructure Preservation Program (NDIIPP)

  18. Library of Congress • $100 million in three phases

  19. Library of Congress • Advisory Committee • Stakeholder Meetings • Plan for Congressional approval

  20. No single technological fix Include both “born digital” and “reborn digital” materials Rights to archive; permission to access Who should pay remains the vexing question LC Learnings

  21. More research needed • Architectures for persistent digital repositories • Preservation technology and tools • Attributes of archived collections • Policy and economic models

  22. Scenario Planning • What are the possible futures? • What is the likely future? • How does LC plan to the future?

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