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mtDNA Mutations & Respiratory Chain Proteins: Segregation, Replication & Turnover

This article explores the occurrence of heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations in humans, highlighting their segregation during cell division. It discusses the role of about 90 respiratory chain proteins, 37 genes, 13 proteins in the respiratory chain, 2 ribosomal RNAs, and 22 tRNA. The text also delves into the continuous replication and turnover of mtDNA, which is independent of the cell cycle. Additionally, it reveals the presence of 1000-1200 different proteins and the abundance of 1000-10000 mtDNA copies per cell, rising to 100000 in mammalian oocytes.

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mtDNA Mutations & Respiratory Chain Proteins: Segregation, Replication & Turnover

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  1. 16600 bp in humans 37 genes 13proteins of about 90 proteins in the respiratory chain 2 ribosomal RNAs 22 tRNA 1000-10000 copies per cell 100000 per mammalian oocyte Heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations segregate during cell division Continous replication and turnover independent of cell cycle 1000-1200 different proteins

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