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Depth Perception and Stereopsis: Visual Cues, Neural Mechanisms, and Models

This lecture examines the perception of depth and the process of stereopsis, which allows us to perceive depth using binocular vision. Topics covered include visual cues to depth such as occlusion and texture gradients, the definition and evidence for stereopsis, the role of retinal disparity, stereoacuity, and models for solving the correspondence problem.

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Depth Perception and Stereopsis: Visual Cues, Neural Mechanisms, and Models

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  1. Advances in Visual Perception PSYC 526 Fall Profs. Fred Kingdom & Kathy Mullen

  2. Lecture 8 “Seeing Depth” Reading Goldstein 5th ed., Chs. 8 & 9; 6th ed. Ch. 7 & 9 (p302-307); 7th ed. Ch. 8. Frisby, "Seeing with two eyes" Ch 7 in Seeing. Oxford University Press (1979).

  3. Seeing Depth Part ICues to depth Part IIStereopsis

  4. Part I. Cues to depth

  5. Occlusion/Interposition Object size Position in field of view Cues to depth Texture gradients Linear perspective Shading

  6. Texture gradients/Perspective

  7. Atmospheric: Blueing with distance Occlusion/Interposition

  8. Depth from shading

  9. Kurt Wenner

  10. Part II.Stereopsis - Definition - Evidence for modularity - Retinal disparity - Horopters - Stereoacuity - Stereoscopes and anaglyphs - Form-from-stereopsis - Correspondence problem - Autostereograms

  11. definition……….. Stereopsis is the means by which we determine the relative depth of objects by virtue of the fact that our two eyes view the world from a slightly different angle.

  12. Evidence for modularity Phenomenonological irreducibility Stereoblindness Disparity-sensitive neurones Depth after-effect

  13. Retinal disparity

  14. more definitions……. Retinal disparity is the difference in angle subtended by the image of an object in the two eyes, relative to fixation. Stereoacuity is the minimal detectable stereoscopic depth in units of disparity. Normal = 5-15 secs of arc; best is 2 secs.

  15. Horopters

  16. Wheatstone stereoscope

  17. Principle of anaglyphs

  18. Effect of disparity

  19. Random-dot stereogram Figural stereogram

  20. Random-dot stereogram Figural stereogram

  21. Form from stereopsis Figural stereogram Random-dot-stereogram

  22. ‘False-target’ or stereo-correspondence problem

  23. Autostereogram

  24. Autostereogram

  25. Marr & Poggio’s cooperative network model for solving the stereo-correspondence problem

  26. Input stereogram Zero-crossing maps Coarse- filtered Marr & Poggio’s ‘coarse-to-fine’ filtering model for solving the stereo-correspondence problem Medium- filtered Fine- filtered

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