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Higher Education in Mexico. Tijs van Olffen Rockie Man Rinke Klein Entink. Three statements about Hig h er Education. Why not copy the Dutch educational system ? Is a graduate in Mexico really highly educated?
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Higher Education in Mexico Tijs van Olffen Rockie Man Rinke Klein Entink
Three statements about Higher Education • Why not copy the Dutch educational system? • Is a graduate in Mexico really highly educated? • There should be one semi-public type of schools in Mexico. Tuition fees should be considered according to income.
History • Knowledge import from colonial past • 1970: rapid expansion of higher education • ’70-80: Several plans from Government, but no sufficient funding • Crisis of the ’80, funding dropped • ’90 Important changes, “social and economic relevance” and evaluation of Higher Education
Current situation in short • High dropout rate after primary education • Selectivity is for social reasons, not a academic selection policy • About 2 million students in higher education in the year 2000, largest university, the UNAM • Private and Public education • Changes in policy for the last years
Stages of studies • Upper-secondary studies (bachillerato) • University level studies • Licenciatura, four years, technical universities offer two-year courses • Maestriá or Especialización, two years • Doctorado, three years • Teacher Education (four years)
Private & Public • 1663 institutions of higher education • 658 public & 1005 private • Private schools for the upper class • Public: • Autonomous • Funded by Government, mostly Federal • Research for the Government
Private & Public • Private: • Financed by student fees, donations and industry • Must have a ‘licence’ from Government • Primary for the upper class of Mexico
Financing and Industry • 5.1% of GDP goes to education • 65.1% to basic education (most students) • 9.5 % to secondary education • 16.7% to higher education • 8.1% To science, technology, cultural development and sports • Since the evaluations in the ’90 funding of institutions is related to performance
Financing and Industry • Private investment • Higher education in favor of the higher income families • The link with industry: • Educational level too low, industry blames past governments for not supporting a competitive economy • Mexico remained technologically backward • Status and relevance
The Dutch • 13 Universities • Tasks are to teach, research, knowledge transfer and services to the community • A quality assurance system • Funding • First flow of funds: Government, about 50 % • Second flow: On competitive grounds • Third flow: Contract Research (growing)
Statement one Why not copy the Dutch educational system?
Statement Two Is a graduate in Mexico really highly educated?
Statement three There should be one semi-public type of schools in Mexico. Tuition fees should be considered according to income.