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UN Peacekeeping & Human Trafficking

UN Peacekeeping & Human Trafficking. Maria Hamdouchi & Annalise McGrail. Hypothesis. Intervention by UN peacekeeping troops in a country de creases subsequent levels of human trafficking. Background: UN Controversy. Suspected violation 1992-94- Mozambique (UNOMOZ)

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UN Peacekeeping & Human Trafficking

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  1. UN Peacekeeping & Human Trafficking Maria Hamdouchi & AnnaliseMcGrail

  2. Hypothesis Intervention by UN peacekeeping troops in a country decreasessubsequent levels of human trafficking

  3. Background: UN Controversy • Suspected violation • 1992-94- Mozambique (UNOMOZ) • 1990s- Bosnia, Kosovo, Cambodia, Somalia • The UN responds • 2003- zero tolerance policy • “Sexual exploitation and sexual abuse violate universally recognized international legal norms and standards and have always been unacceptable behavior and prohibited conduct for United Nations staff. Such conduct is prohibited by the United Nations Staff Regulations and Rules.”

  4. Did it work?

  5. Background: UN Controversy • Effectiveness? • 2005- Prince Zeid Ra’ad report • →2008-resolution A/RES/62/214 • United Nations Comprehensive Strategy on Assistance and Support to Victims of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by United Nations Staff and Related Personnel

  6. Theory United Nations Peacekeeping missions increase forced prostitution related human trafficking in a country

  7. Theory: Push vs. Pull Factors

  8. Theory: Pull Factors • GDP per capita (ln) • Language fractionalization • Information flows

  9. Methodology: Data Independent variable→ UN mission Dependent variable→ destination for forced prostitution

  10. Methodology: Data Dependent variable • Dichotomous indicator based on a significant level of trafficking • Significant= 100 or more reported cases Why? • Exact human trafficking levels are unknown • Observe trends rather than exact inflows

  11. Methodology: Process • Two-part model • Logistic regression • Conditional logistic regression

  12. Table A: Relationship between trafficking and presence of UN Missions Evidence:

  13. Concluding Remarks Hypothesis:Intervention by UN peacekeeping troops in a country decreases subsequent levels of human trafficking • Background:Isolated cases of human trafficking due to UN personnel Methodology: x→ UN peacekeeping intervention y→ internal forced prostitution Results:Intervention decreases subsequent levels of human trafficking within three years

  14. Thank you for your time. Questions?

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