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An Introduction to the TIES Survey

An Introduction to the TIES Survey. Jens Schneider & Maurice Crul TIES Stakeholders Conference, Amsterdam, 11-13 May 2009. Departure point. The national and local contexts, e.g. the educational system and the integration context, are often taken for granted.

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An Introduction to the TIES Survey

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  1. An Introduction to the TIES Survey Jens Schneider & Maurice Crul TIES Stakeholders Conference,Amsterdam, 11-13 May 2009

  2. Departure point • The national and local contexts, e.g. the educational system and the integration context, are often taken for granted. • In general, only differences between groups are looked at, while comparing the same groups in various countries reveals that differences in contexts matter considerably. • But: international comparisons have been very difficult due to different data collection methods, group definition criteria, moments in time etc. in existing data pools.

  3. → Basic Idea of TIES: • 1. A survey on the samegroups in various European countries with the same questionnaire and definitional criteria. • Target Group: native-born children of Turkish, Moroccan or former Yugoslavian immigrants in the age group 18 to 35 (= Second Generation) • Definition of Second Generation in TIES: All persons bornand resident in the respective survey country from either one or both parents being born in Turkey, Morocco or former Yugoslavia. • Comparison Group: native-born children of native-born parents in the same age group and from the same neighbourhoods

  4. 2. Life trajectories and structural integration as special focus • Educational and labour market careers 3. Contextualisation • Demographic context data and citizenship • Educational systems • Labour marketorganisation and income • Discursive contexts…

  5. Survey Organisation International Coordination: General: Universiteit van Amsterdam Survey: Nederlands Interdisciplinair Demografisch Instituut (NIDI), The Hague National Partners: Germany: Universität Osnabrück France: Institut National d’Etudes Démografique (INED), Paris Austria: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien Switzerland: Université de Neuchâtel Belgium: Katolieke Universiteit Leuven Sweden: Stockholm Universitet Spain: Universidad Pontificia Comillas de Madrid The Netherlands: see above.

  6. Sampling • Population registers used in Austria, Belgium (Antwerp), Germany, Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland • Additional onomastic analysis necessary in Austria, Belgium, Germany, and Switzerland • Phone directory screening + name recognition in France; Census street segment screening + name recognition in Brussels • “Rare element”-sampling (e.g. difficult to find in Paris; approaching the “entire group” in Linz)

  7. TIES 2007/2008

  8. TIES Questionnaire • Educational careers and attainments • Labour market careers • Discrimination • Identity formation • Social relations • Religion • Transnationalism • Partner choice and family relations

  9. What is ‘Integration’ (in public perception)? • structurally: lower education, higher unemployment = badly integrated • socially: contacts + relationships btw. migrants and non-migrants = good, isolation = bad • culturally: adaptation e.g. language, values, food = good, but: (over-)assimilation = bad?

  10. Integration into what? • The Second Generation are not newcomers, they do not especially need to find their way into society and to adapt. • Society is not a whole, into which individuals could integrate as such. Instead:  Integration into specific domains and “social organizations”, e.g. school, workplace or neighborhood.  But this applies to everyone, independently from the ethnic or migration background.

  11. Some observations from TIES • The second generation is a strongly established group in the city. • They grew up in the city, went to school in the city and they are now looking as young adults for a job in the city. • The majority of the second generation strongly or very strongly identifies with the cities they live in. • They show in their practices at the neighborhood level more social cohesiveness than the comparison group. • A substantial part of the comparison group, up to one third, are actual newcomers.

  12. [National] Belonging TIES 2007/2008

  13. [Ethnic] Belonging TIES 2007/2008 * = “feeling Austrian/Dutch/French/German/…”

  14. [Local] Belonging TIES 2007/2008

  15. [Local] Belonging TIES 2007/2008

  16. [Ethnic] composition of neighborhood = relevant? [Local] Belonging Collaboration: Snežana Stojčić TIES 2007/2008

  17. Intercultural Aspects TIES 2007/2008

  18. Intercultural Aspects TIES 2007/2008

  19. Conclusions • No “ethnic enclaves” or “parallel societies” • Feelings of belonging reflect discursive realities in cities and countries • There is no such thing as “the Turks”, situations can differ strongly between one city and the other – even within one country. • Feelings of belonging seem easier at local levels; attachment is also strong, because of “nativeness” • Yet, national lines of rhetorics and discourses seem to be influential • Therefore: feelings of belonging are easier, when group is not main focus of attention?  main reason for significant differences between G2 in cities?

  20. Thank you! www.TIESproject.eu

  21. [Ethnic] composition of neighborhoods (as perceived by G2-respondents) [Local] Belonging TIES 2007/2008

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