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Germany in the 60s. Politic situation. Germany was divided into two parts → direct collision of capitalism and communism e ndindg of the „Adenauer- era “ → n ew politizication → protest movements especially by the Youth. Elysée -Treaty. 22 january 1963
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Politicsituation • Germany was dividedintotwoparts →directcollisionofcapitalismandcommunism • endindgofthe „Adenauer-era“ →newpolitizication →protestmovementsespeciallybythe Youth
Elysée-Treaty • 22 january 1963 • the German chancellor Konrad Adenauer andthe French presidentCharels de Gaulles signedtheElysée-Treaty • Amelioration ofthe French-German relationandcollaboration
Kennedy visits Berlin • 26 June 1963 • firstvisitof an American presidentsincethe wall was built • hisspeech was an expressionofhissolditarityto Berlin andthe FRG
Ludwig Erhard • isregardedasthefatherofthemarketeconomy • → leitmotif „prospertyforeverone“ • 1963-1966: chancellorofthe FRG
Students‘ movements/ Peacemovements • Main aims: • rethinkingofoldprinciples • renewofsocialstructures • Critisismof: • theolduniverityandcolllegesystem • thegrandcoalition • themissinganalysisofthe NS-past • the Vietnam War
APO/SDS • SDS (The Socialist German Student Organisation) • follower of the SPD • developed into a left-wing orientated and anti-authoritarian organisation with anarchistic ideals • demonstrated against the Vietnam War, the emergency laws, the Springer press and the formation of the grand coalition • 1965: Rudi Dutschke was elected to its political council in Berlin → proclaimed the formation of the APO (The Outer-ParlamentaryOpposition) • forms of protests: demonstration , “Sit-ins”
Commune 1 • foundation in Berlin in 1967 • ideaof a newlivingtogether →equalityof man, woman, child • organizationofactions: „Pudding-attempt“ • later: changeoftheirattitudes • robbery→dissolving
Death of Benno Ohnesorg • 2nd June 1967 • was shotduring a demonstrationagainstthedictatorofPersia • hisunjustifieddeathledtoenormousreactionsaspeoplebecameawareoftheabuseof power bythestate
Women‘smovement aims: • equality • participationandresponsibility in politics, economyandadministration • equalityofwages • equaleducationalopportunities • endingofthegender-specificdivisionoflabour • libertyofsex methods: • demonstrations • organizations • fashion
Peacemovements • Hippies : • disapprovedhierarchicalandautothoritanstructures → friendship, solidarity, tolerance, freedomfromviolence → protestsagainstthe Vietnam War
Consequences • no real success due totheincompetenceofstudentstostimulatethewholepopulation • BUT: • trigger of many political developments and peace movements • proof for social engagement • formation of the RAF