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Philosophy in Ancient Greece

Philosophy in Ancient Greece. Video to Introduce Lesson http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/25880-ancient-greece-socrates-and-plato-video.htm. Plato Aristotle. Standards.

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Philosophy in Ancient Greece

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  1. Philosophy in Ancient Greece Video to Introduce Lesson http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/25880-ancient-greece-socrates-and-plato-video.htm Plato Aristotle

  2. Standards • SSWH3 The student will examine the political, philosophical, and cultural interaction of Classical Mediterranean societies from 700 BCE to 400 CE. • Identify the ideas and impact of important individuals; include Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and describe the diffusion of Greek culture by Aristotle’s pupil Alexander the Great and the impact of Julius and Augustus Caesar.

  3. Essential Question • How did the philosophical ideas of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle impact their society?

  4. Greek Philosophy • Philosophy = “love of wisdom” • an organized system of rational thought • tried to explain the universe • The Sophists = traveling teachers that taught rhetoric • believed that understanding the universe was beyond human understanding & people should just try to improve themselves & pursue one’s own good

  5. Socrates

  6. Socrates (Sculptor & Philosopher) • Lived from 469-399 BC • Criticized the Sophists • He tried to find the definitions of the virtues, such as courage and justice, by cross-examining people who professed to have knowledge of them • Developed the Socratic method (process of questions & answers to get people to understand by themselves) • After the Peloponnesian war, Socrates was tried & convicted of corrupting the young & sentenced to death (drank hemlock) • His death made him a martyr and an icon; many schools of philosophy made him their hero

  7. Plato

  8. Plato • 428-348 BC • Considered by many the greatest philosopher of Western Civilization • Student of Socrates who taught that an ideal world of forms is the highest reality • Virtue is the supreme form of knowledge • Wrote The Republic(an ideal virtuous state: rulers, warriors, & commoners) • Established a school called the Academy

  9. Aristotle

  10. Aristotle • 384-322 BC • One of the greatest philosophers of antiquity • Student of Plato who believed in classifying things by observation & investigation • Philosophy to him meant science, and its aim was the recognition of the purpose in all things • Wrote Politics (3 good forms: monarchy, aristocracy, & constitutional government)

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