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Capt Cor Blokzijl, DFO Mandala Airlines WATS, Orlando, 27 April 2010

The Impact of automation on Pilot Training. Capt Cor Blokzijl, DFO Mandala Airlines WATS, Orlando, 27 April 2010. Statement :. Aircraft do seldom fall out of the sky due to a system or engine failure. Accidents involve a long chain of events

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Capt Cor Blokzijl, DFO Mandala Airlines WATS, Orlando, 27 April 2010

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  1. The Impact of automation on Pilot Training Capt Cor Blokzijl, DFO Mandala Airlines WATS, Orlando, 27 April 2010

  2. Statement : Aircraft do seldom fall out of the sky due to a system or engine failure. Accidents involve a long chain of events before matters really go dramatically wrong. It is much more the complex systems and the man-machine interface (and dialogue), which are the starting point of matters going wrong, mainly because pilots are faced with situations which are difficult to comprehend or to understand.

  3. Question : ”Should our pilot training, especially our recurrent training, be focussed on this comprehending and understanding?”

  4. Background : Flight training = teaching psychomotoric skills (RAF AP-129) Increased technology = added technical knowledge Highly Automated Cockpit is more cognitive challenge HAC needs man-machine-interface + man-machine-dialogue Cognitive adjustment is needed Focus on comprehend and understand M-M-I & M-M-D

  5. Tools for training : • Training tools: • Documentation hard/soft • Classroom training/interactive, on line modules • Films, ppt’s, VACBI, etc. • System trainers • FFS

  6. Effects of training tools : • Time wise limited • Has to be rehearsed regular • Recurrent training = repeating items from original training

  7. Exposure training : • Exposed to a scenario = experienced the scenario • Burned your fingers once = always remembered • Chances to find useful information when needed is higher • being exposed than learning in class, VACBI or sim exercise • Create events which happened world wide (SR111, AF 447)

  8. Exposure training: • Training tools not necessarily related to daily flying (ESSAI) • Do not require knowledge but understanding • By scenario teach system failures and the influence on the system interface • What does the pilot expect to see, what if this is not the case?

  9. What do we train: • Initial training: • Systems & system knowledge • Operating these systems in normal, ab-normal & emergency • conditions • System interface • Line-training

  10. What do we train: • Recurrent training: • Repetition of exercises • Required performance by regulating authorities • Minimum 5 “ab-normals “ or failures • Minimum 3 emergencies • Typical one day LOFT and one day skill test

  11. Conventional training: • Risk of conventional training in HAC: • Training skills related to single event • Training skills in isolated manner • Training skills for a combination of other skills which: • - very unlikely combination • - not become relevant at same moment

  12. Exposure training: • Which events, incidents or accidents happened in last year? • Examples: • Hudson river • Sao Paulo • Jamaica • Toronto • AF 447

  13. Exposure training: • Exposure training is also Mind-map training • Mind-map is the behavioural strategy for DM, TM and SA • Mind-map training: • Experience (exposure) • Training cognitive skills in operational situations • Training to understanding i.s.o knowledge per se • System understanding major factor in TM and SA

  14. Conclusion: • Exposure training enhances : • Situation Awareness • Understanding System Interface • Understanding of dynamic of system failures • Understanding of fleet accidents & incidents world wide • Problem/situation recognition

  15. Any Questions?

  16. Feedback: Any feedback to: hactrng@gmail.com

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