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Reconstruction

Reconstruction. By Miss O. Emancipation Proclamation. January 1, 1863 Executive order by President Lincoln Freed all the slaves in the southern states that had “rebelled”. U.S. Constitution Changed. After the Civil War, 3 amendments were added to the Constitution.

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Reconstruction

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  1. Reconstruction By Miss O.

  2. Emancipation Proclamation • January 1, 1863 • Executive order by President Lincoln • Freed all the slaves in the southern states that had “rebelled”

  3. U.S. Constitution Changed • After the Civil War, 3 amendments were added to the Constitution. • Amendment = changes to the Constitution

  4. 13th Amendment • 1865 • Made slavery illegal anywhere in the United States or its territories.

  5. 14th Amendment • 1868 • Granted US citizenship to anyone born or naturalized in the United States and grants them equal protection under the law. • All former slaves were now US citizens with rights.

  6. 15th Amendment • 1870 • Guarantees the right to vote to any US citizen, regardless of race or color, even if he was a former slaves.

  7. What is reconstruction? • Re + construction  re-building • The years directly after the Civil War are called “Reconstruction,” because the South was slowly being “rebuilt.”

  8. Richmond in Ruins

  9. Problem 1: Help the newly freed slaves • Needed: housing, education, clothing, food, and jobs • No money • Destroyed farms, towns, and businesses

  10. Freedmen’s Bureau • Government agency that tried to help freed slaves, or freedmen. • Provided food and medicine • Started schools and sent teachers to Virginia for the children

  11. Problem 2: Replant the ruined crops and rebuild plantations • No jobs • No training except for farming • Plantation owners need help to replant large, ruined fields • No money to pay the former slaves

  12. Sharecropping • Freedmen and poor farmers rented land from a landowner. • Instead of paying money for rent, they promised to pay the owner with a share of the crop.

  13. Good Idea or Bad Idea? • At first, sharecropping seemed like a good idea. • Plantation owner was able to get his farm planted and working again. • The sharecropper had a place to live and could earn money from farming. • Problems between how much “rent” was and how much the crops were sold for.

  14. Problem 3: Fix towns, railroads, and bridges • Find jobs in the cities repairing railroads, towns, and bridges.

  15. Problem 4: Fix the ruined economy • Confederate money had no value • Banks in the South had closed. • Economy no longer had slaves to rely on • Virginia would have to build factories and shops in the cities to get their economy going in other ways rather than just farms. • More people moved to the cities.

  16. Confederate money

  17. Problem 5: Establish a state government • Southern states did not have legal governments any more • Disorganized • Congress’ plan to bring the South back into the Union.

  18. Bring South into the Union again • Ban (end) slavery • Each state had to rewrite their state constitution • Give newly-freed African American men the right to vote • Ask to be re-admitted to the Union • Took almost 5 years

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