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Max Wertheimer

Max Wertheimer. Gestalt theory.

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Max Wertheimer

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  1. Max Wertheimer Gestalt theory

  2. "The basic thesis of gestalt theory might be formulated thus: there are contexts in which what is happening in the whole cannot be deduced from the characteristics of the separate pieces, but conversely; what happens to a part of the whole is, in clear cut cases, determined by the laws of the inner structure of its whole." • Max Wertheimer, Gestalt theory. Social Research, 11 (translation of lecture at the Kant Society, Berlin, 1924).

  3. "the whole (or gestalt) is greater than the sum of its parts." • The slogan was meant to convey the Gestaltist's belief that the process of composition probably wasn't a simple one.

  4. Big Deal - So What • The fact that there are multiple possibilities may pose a problem for a "passive mind". The environment can hardly be asked to decide which of these alternatives is seen by the viewer. The "stimulus" seems to be a somewhat ambiguous notion when thought of in this way...But, since the behaviorist studied the way in which stimuli became associated with responses, the behaviorist couldn't allow the stimulus to be a fuzzy notion.

  5. The ‘Gestalt’ of Max Wertheimer • 15.4.1880: Born in Prague • 1898-1901: studying jurisprudence at the University of Prague; attending lectures in psychology, musics, philosophy, physiology, history of arts • 1910-1914: working on the fundamental ideas of Gestalt theory and decisive experiments on Gestalt laws with Wolfgang Köhler and Kurt Koffka in Frankfurt • 1916-1922: Privatdozent in Berlin; first contacts with Albert Einstein • 1933: emigrates to the United States via Czechoslowakia • 1943: finishes his work on "Productive Thinking" • 12.10.1943: dies in New Rochelle, New York.

  6. My perspective of the Contributions of Max Wertheimer • Perceptual Grouping • Phi • Productive Thinking

  7. Perceptual Grouping • unit forming factors that influence how elements are grouped or organized in wholes. These unit forming factors are: • similarity; • proximity; • common fate; • good continuation; • set; and • past experience.

  8. similarity; proximity; common fate; good continuation; set; and past experience.

  9. Phi • The phi phenomenon is a perceptual illusion described by Max Wertheimer in his 1912 Experimental Studies on the Seeing of Motion, in which a disembodied perception of motion is produced by a succession of still images. http://www2.psych.purdue.edu/Magniphi/SimpliPhi.html

  10. Productive Thinking • You have 9 identical matchsticks • Construct 7 identical equilateral triangles

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