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CONSTRUCTION SAFETY

CONSTRUCTION SAFETY. Safety and Health Officer Certificate Programme. Session/ LessonPlans. OBJECTIVES. St a te the d e f i n i t i o n o f b u il d i n g o p e r a t i o n s a cc o r d i n g t o t h e F M A 196 7

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CONSTRUCTION SAFETY

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  1. CONSTRUCTION SAFETY Safety and Health Officer Certificate Programme

  2. Session/LessonPlans

  3. OBJECTIVES • StatethedefinitionofbuildingoperationsaccordingtotheFMA1967 • Listatleast6hazardsexistentonconstructionsites • Explainthetypesofaccidentsatconstructionsites

  4. OBJECTIVES • Elaboratetheemployerstrategyinsitesafetymanagement • ExplainthestatutoryrequirementsasstatedinFMA1967andOSHAct1994

  5. SCOPE • Definitionandstatutoryrequirements • On siteactivities • Machinerycommonlyused onsite • Equipmentscommonlyusedonsite • Hazardsatconstructionsites • Types of accidentsatconstructionsites • Safetyandhealthmanagement • Conclusion

  6. DEFINITION AS PER REGULATIONS • FactoriesandMachineryAct1967 • BuildingOperations: • Construction,structural alteration,repairor maintenanceofabuilding(includingre-pointing,re- decorationandexternal cleaningofthestructure), thedemolitionofabuilding,andthepreparationfor andthelayingoffoundationof anintendedbuilding

  7. STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS • 1)OccupationalSafetyandHealthAct1994 • ResponsibilityoftheEmployer • EmployaSafetyandHealth Officer • FormulateaPolicy andSafe Operating Procedures(SOP) • Establisha SafetyandHealthCommittee

  8. STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS • OccupationalSafetyandHealth(SafetyandHealthOfficer)Order1996 • Requirement toemployaSafetyandHealthOfficerattheworkplaceforprojects of over RM20millionwhetherforworksof: • Buildingoperations • Engineeringconstruction

  9. STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS • 2)FactoriesandMachineryAct1967General provisionsrelated tothecertificationof fitnessformachinery,installationsandworkers • FactoriesandMachinery(BuildingOperationsandWorksofEngineeringConstruction)(Safety)Regulations1986 • Provisionsrelated tothesafetyandhealth involvingwork activities andequipmentsand workers

  10. ON SITE ACTIVITIES Listtheactivitiesatthe constructionsite

  11. ON SITE ACTIVITIES • Excavation • Piling • Concreteworks • Demolition • Bricklaying • Weldingworks • Installationof wires/electriccables andpipes • Handling/ transportationof construction materials

  12. ON SITE ACTIVITIES • Installationand collapse of scaffolding • Formworks • Paintingworks • Installationand operationalisationof machinery • Transportationof raw materials • Clearingandcleaning works

  13. MACHINERY/EQUIPMENTS ON SITE

  14. MACHINERY/EQUIPMENTS ON SITE • Handtoolsandmobilepowertools-hammer, sledge, drill • Stairs • Scaffold– fixedandmobile • AirCompressor • HammerDrill • GeneratorSet • Weldingequipments

  15. MACHINERY/EQUIPMENTS CERTIFICATE OF FITNESS - DOSH

  16. HAZARDS ON SITE • Heat stress • Noise • Mineraldust exposure • Mechanical hazards • Electricalhazards • Radiation • Chemicals • Ergonomichazards • Biological hazards • Workingatheight • Confinedspace • Lighting • Drowning

  17. CONSTRUCTION SAFETY TYPESOFACCIDENTS • Fallingfromheight • Fallingatsamelevel • Hitbyfallingobject • Buriedunderfallingearth/structure • Electricshock • Drowning • Hitbyvehicle • Inhalationof toxicchemicals • Contact withmovingmachinery • Crushed/stuckbetween objects

  18. FALLING FROM HEIGHT • Thisincludesfallingfrom: • Stairs • Workplatforms • Roofsorpeaks • Throughfloor openings • Open sides • Scaffolding

  19. FALLING FROM HEIGHT CAUSESOFFALL • No fencing of hazardousworkarea • Lackof workplace/equipmentmaintenance • No priorinspectionof workplace/equipment • Installationof equipment byincompetent persons

  20. FALLING FROM HEIGHT • CAUSESOFFALL • No provisionof safetyharness • Faultydesignofstructure/stairs • Useof damagedstairs/scaffold • Useof unsuitablestairs/scaffold • Improperpositionof stairs/scaffold

  21. FALLING FROM SAME LEVEL • Trippingoverwiresandobjects onfloor • Slipsduetoslipperyfloor • CAUSESOFFALL: • Poorhousekeeping • Lackof properhousekeepingprogramme • No designatedareaforstorageof equipments

  22. HIT BY FALLING OBJECT • CAUSESOFACCIDENT: • Poorhousekeeping • No toe-boardonworkplatform • No overheadprotection • No installationof safetynet • Improperliftingtechniques

  23. BURIED UNDER FALLING EARTH/STRUCTURE • Mayoccurduringexcavationworks,erection of scaffoldingandformwork • CAUSESOFACCIDENT: • No installationof earthsupport • No guidelinesandsafeworkprocedures • Overloading • Faultydesignofstructure

  24. BURIED UNDER FALLING EARTH/STRUCTURE • CAUSESOFACCIDENT: • Useof unsuitable/damagedscaffolding • Position of scaffoldisunsuitable • No propermaintenanceof workarea/scaffold • No priorinspectionof workare/scaffold • Erectionof scaffoldbyincompetent persons

  25. ELECTRIC SHOCK • CAUSESOFACCIDENT: • Contact withelectricitycurrent duetofaulty conductor • Useof electrical equipmentsthataredamaged ormodified • No earthling • No provisionof suitablePPE

  26. DROWNING • Inconfinedspace– tanks,seweragepipes • Lackofoxygen • Inpools– retentionpools • Swallowingofwater • CAUSESOFACCIDENT: • Lackof properventilation • No exhaustsystem • Lackof guidelinesandSOPs • Presenceof excessivewater • Untrained,unknowledgeableandinexperienced workers

  27. HIT BY VEHICLE • CAUSESOFACCIDENT: • No designatedpassageforpedestrians/workers • No guards/fencingtoseparatevehicleroutes • No trafficrelatedrulesandenforcement inthe premises • No inspectionof vehicles • No propervehiclemaintenance • Inexperiencedanduntraineddrivers

  28. INHALATION OF TOXIC CHEMICALS • INPAINTINGANDWELDINGACTIVITIES • CAUSESOFACCIDENT: • Failuretowearproperrespiratoryprotection • Insufficient ventilation • No exhaustsystem • Untrainedandinexperiencedworkers

  29. CONTACT WITH MOVING OBJECTS CRUSHED IN BETWEEN OBJECTS • CAUSESOFACCIDENT: • No guards • Useof damaged/faultyguards • Lackof trainingforworkers • Unsuitabledesignof guards • Guardsplacedinineffectivepositions

  30. SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT • STRATEGIES: • EstablishaSafetyandHealthCommittee • Identifyhazardsattheworkplace • Conduct riskassessment • Planandimplementsafetyandhealth measures

  31. SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT • EMPLOYERCONTROLMEASURES: • FormulateaSafetyandHealthPolicy • EmployaSafetyandHealthOfficer • (requirementbasedontotalproject value) orsitesafetysupervisor • Formulateandenforce safetyandhealth rulesattheworkplace

  32. SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT • EMPLOYERCONTROLMEASURES: • Establishsystemforissuanceof workpermits forhighriskactivities • Increasesupervisiononhighriskactivities • Providesafetyandhealthinductiontraining forallworkers

  33. SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT • EMPLOYERCONTROLMEASURES: • Providepersonalprotectiveequipmentforall workersandensureproperuse • Preparesafeworkproceduresforallactivities • Providesuitableandsafeequipmentsforall workactivities

  34. SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT • EMPLOYERCONTROLMEASURES: • Selectandappointcompetent andtrained personsforhighriskactivitiessuchashandling cranesandworkingatheight • Investigateallaccidentsanddangerous occurrences □Conduct workplaceinspections

  35. SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT • EMPLOYERCONTROLMEASURES: • Provideeffectivecommunicationsystemto enableandencourageworkerfeedback • Formulatescheduledpreventive maintenanceprogrammeforallmachinery andequipments □Displaysafetywarningsignagesat appropriatelocations

  36. CONCLUSION • The variousactivitiesatconstructionsitesmay • producehazardsthatmaycauseaccidents • Therearespecific statutoryrequirements regardingconstructionsafetyintheFMA 1967 andOSHA1994 •  • Theemployerisresponsibleforpropersafety managementtoensurethattheprotectionof workersafetyandhealthaswell astofulfill regulatoryrequirements

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