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Earth Science Daily Challenge, 11/12

Earth Science Daily Challenge, 11/12. Minerals crystals can be tiny or very large. What kinds of things might control how big a given crystal grows?. What properties of minerals are used to identify them?. Magnetism some minerals have enough iron to attract a magnet or act as a compass

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Earth Science Daily Challenge, 11/12

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  1. Earth Science Daily Challenge, 11/12 Minerals crystals can be tiny or very large. What kinds of things might control how big a given crystal grows?

  2. What properties of mineralsare used to identify them? Magnetism some minerals have enough iron to attract a magnet or act as a compass Fluorescence some minerals “glow” with unusual colors under ultraviolet radiation Chemical reaction with acid carbonate minerals (like calcite) “fizz” when exposed to weak acid Optical Properties Calcite makes “double vision,” etc.

  3. What is a MINERAL? • Naturally Occurring, Inorganic Solid with a Fixed Chemical Composition and a Crystal Structure How do minerals form? • Mineral crystals grow when conditions are right for atoms and molecules to link up in 3-dimensional repeating patterns.

  4. Earth Science Daily Challenge, 11/18 In today’s lab, we will investigate igneous minerals formed from cooling magma/lava. Hypothesize: How will the igneous minerals be different from the sedimentary minerals of the previous lab?

  5. What are the “right conditions” for mineral formation? • Minerals crystallize from solutions (mixtures of water and dissolved solids.) • Hot water cools and deposits mineral crystals. (black smokers, hot springs, etc.) • Water evaporates, leaving mineral crystals behind. (dry lakes, salt flats, caves, veins) • Minerals crystallize from cooling molten rock (magma or lava) OR recrystallization.

  6. What determines the size of a mineral crystal? In other words, how many atoms can link up? Crystals can grow as long as there are MORE ATOMS available, TIME for them to get into the crystal structure, and SPACE to grow. http://toprocks.net/Pics21/A9399XSCE2.jpg

  7. Mineral Classification Systems • Crystal System • cubic, hexagonal, monoclinic, etc. • Composition • silicates, carbonates, halides, sulfates, etc. • Use • metal ores, gems, aggregate, etc. • Genesis (origin / how they formed) • igneous minerals (cooled magma/lava) • sedimentary minerals (deposited by water) • metamorphic minerals (changed by heat/pressure)

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