Development of late adulthood.

1. Development of late adulthood. Dr. Hanan Said Ali.

2. Learning objectives • Identify normal physical changes associated with age. • Describe the Psychosocial Aging. • Explain the cognitive abilities and aging. • Identify the health problems associated with late adulthood.

3. Introduction • The growth of the elder population is characterized by unique and diverse individuals who may require a variety of health care professionals to meet their health care needs. • Gerontology Is a term used to define the study of aging and older adults.

4. Categorizing of aging population The old age are categorizing as : • Young –old : 65- 75. • Old :75 – 85. • Old – old : 85 – to 100 years. • Elite old :over 100 years

5. Normal physical changes associated with age Integumentary system.

6. Normal physical changes associated with age Neuromuscular

7. Normal physical changes associated with age Sensory / Perceptual

8. Sensory / Perceptual Presbyopia : • The inability to focus or accommodate due to a loss of flexibility of the lens. Presbycusis • Gradual loss of hearing is more common among men than women.

9. Normal physical changes associated with age Pulmonary

10. Normal physical changes associated with age Cardiovascular

11. Normal physical changes associated with age Gastrointestinal Urinary

12. Normal physical changes associated with age Genitals

13. Normal physical changes associated with age Immunological Endocrine

14. Psychosocial Aging • The developmental task at this time is ego integrity versus despair. • They view life with a sense of wholeness and derive satisfaction from past accomplishments. • They view death as an acceptable completion of life.

15. Retirement • Many who are healthy continue to work on a full- or part- time basis. • It offers these people a better income, a sense of self- worth. • Retirement can be a difficult time of adjustment, it requires a process of adaptation. • Most elders find many outlets, including jobs, community projects, travel, recreational pursuits.

16. Cognitive abilities and aging • The older adult maintains intelligence, problem solving, judgment, creativity. • Intellectual loss generally reflects a disease process such as atherosclerosis, which cause the blood vessels to narrow and diminishes perfusion of nutrients to the brain. • Memory impairment is more prevalent in persons over age 85 years.

17. Memory • Short –term memory ( at a given moment) • Recent memory ( the recent past of minutes to a few hours) • Long- term memory ( longer than 72 hours and usually weeks & years) • In elders, retrieval of information from- long memory can be slower (infor. Not frequ. Used) • Older adults tend to forget the recent past.

18. Health problems • Injuries • Fractures • Fire are a hazard for the elder with a failing memory. • Reduced sensitivity to pain and heat. • Hypothermia • A lowered metabolism and loss of normal insulation from thinning subcutaneous tissue decrease the client ability to retain heat.

19. Chronic disabling illness • Many older adults function well within the community without impairment. • Other are affected with one or more chronic illness that impairs their functioning. • Examples: • Arthritis, osteoporosis, heart disease, stroke, obstructive heart disease, hearing and visual alteration.

20. Dementia • Is a progressive loss of cognitive function. • The most common type of dementias is Alzheimer’s. • Symptoms: • Decline in memory, learning, attention, judgment, orientation, and language skills. • The symptoms are progressive and exhibit a steady decline in cognitive and physical abilities. • It lasting between 7 and 15 years and ending in death.

21. SUMMARY & • QUESTIONS ?