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The role of caste in rural development when engaging women in dairy extension program

Investigating how caste influences women's engagement in dairy extension programs in rural Pakistan, highlighting the impact on mobility, access to resources, and decision-making power.

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The role of caste in rural development when engaging women in dairy extension program

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  1. The role of caste in rural development when engaging women in dairy extension program Sobia Majeed, Humeraiqbal Dairy Beef Project

  2. Background • Women plays important role in livestock rearing in Pakistan and extension services to female farmers can improve farm production and profit • Ownership of livestock can enable women to benefit from livestock and its products • Caste influences the gendered division of resources, roles, responsibilities and power in developing countries

  3. Objective The objective of the study was to investigate the role caste plays in villages when trying to engage women to participate in a dairy extension program

  4. Whole Family Extension Approach

  5. Materials& Methods

  6. Material& Method Registered Non-Registered Control (Reference: Kabeer 1999)

  7. Punjab Results Sindh

  8. Results Access to resource Social networking within village Good mobility Benefited from extension messages women entrepreneur Registered and Non-registered farmers, Sindh

  9. Registered farmers, Punjab • Have good mobility • Have access to extension services • Benefitted from extension messages • Good agency • Social networking within caste Control group farmers • No access to extension services • Poor access to resources • Less benefits form livestock • Limited decision power • Limited mobility Social norms

  10. SINDH PUNJAB Lack of Awareness Lack of Interest No permission Social Norms Poor Social Network Domestic Workload Poor Mobility Lack of Awareness Domestic Workload No incentive Lack of Interest These factors are effected by caste, location and land ownership.

  11. Conclusion The study concludes that caste structure and social norms impact the mobility of women and hence need to be considered when designing extension activities.

  12. Acknowledgements: • The Australian Government for their funding support to be able to implement these projects (ACIAR) • Kathryn Gomersall Gender Researcher • The smallholder farming families we work with • The University of Melbourne, Australia for their on-going support • We are always looking for dedicated and collegiate researchers to collaborate with our project. Please contact us if you would like to discuss any applied whole-farm system ideas that will benefit the small holder livestock farmers of Pakistan. • For more information on the project: • aciar.exposure.co/transforming-dairy-farming-in-pakistan

  13. Thanks

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