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Introduction to Motion

Learn the fundamentals of motion, including frames of reference, relative motion, vectors, speed, velocity, and acceleration. Master the math behind calculating distances, displacements, speeds, and accelerations in various scenarios. Gain insight into real-life applications for pilots and navigators.

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Introduction to Motion

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  1. Introduction to Motion Brandon Rutherford A presentation adopted from Free Club Freeclubweb.com. (2018). Physic Curriculum. [online] Available at: http://www.freeclubweb.com/privacypolicy.html [Accessed 22 Mar. 2018].

  2. To describe motion accurately, a frame of reference is necessary • These are objects which are NOT moving with respect to the “moving” object. Some possible frames are -- the interior of the airliner, -- the surface of the Earth, or -- the distant stars with respect to which the Earth rotates and moves.

  3. Relative motion….depends where you are… • Relative Motion (frame of reference)

  4. DISTANCE = length between 2 points • In science, we use METRICS to measure everything…so start thinking in metrics… • 1 m = 100 cm • 1 km = 1000 m • 10 mm = 1 cm

  5. Displacement is the distance between start and finish… • If you walk in a circle, your displacement is ZERO!

  6. VECTORS… • A vector is magnitude AND direction. • Go north 4 km. Turn around and go south 2 km. Your total displacement is 2 km. • Vectors are used to navigate in an airplane or ship. • Sometimes you have to fly or sail “around” something.

  7. SPEED! • Average speed is total distance/total time traveled. • m/s • Miles/hour • Km/hour • Etc…… Average speed = total distance = d/t total time

  8. Instantaneous Speed… • The speed you are going right this second! • A cheetah can be clocked at 90 km/hr!

  9. So, how do you GRAPH speed? • The slope of the line on a distance time graph is speed. • P. 334 figure 7

  10. VELOCITY is a vector… • Speed and direction is aka velocity.

  11. Why do you need to know this? • If you are on a boat or ski-doo, you can calculate true speed if you add your vectors. (same with an airplane) • So, when you fly to LAX, it may take longer than when you fly back to DAY. • It’s important for pilots to calculate this to estimate how much fuel they need.

  12. ACCELERATION! (11.3) • Changes in speed • Changes in direction • Or • Changes in both • Acceleration is a vector!

  13. How do you calculate acceleration? • Acceleration = • change of velocity/total time • a = (vf – vi)/t

  14. MATH PRACTICE!!! • A car goes 10 m/s starts to decelerate steadily. It comes to a complete stop in 20 seconds. What is its acceleration?

  15. Confucius say…. • Never spit into the wind!

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