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Understanding Epithelial Tissues: Functions and Types

Learn about epithelial tissues, their structure, functions, and types including simple and stratified epithelium. Discover where they are found and their essential role in protecting and maintaining the body. Dive into the fascinating world of cell layers, shapes, and functions.

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Understanding Epithelial Tissues: Functions and Types

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  1. Tissues

  2. Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems Organisms

  3. Tissues • Groups of cells with a common structure and function—similar cells work together at one job.

  4. Epithelial Tissues

  5. Introductory Questions • What is the function of epithelial tissue? • List some locations in which it is found.

  6. Epithelial Overview • General definition • Structure • Function • Types Simple • Squamous, cuboidal, columnar Stratified • Squamous, columnar, transitional

  7. Epithelial Tissues • Structure Tightly-packed cells Little material between cells Cover or line organs or body cavities Has free side Basement layer—non-living and separates epithelial from underlying connective tissue

  8. Epithelial – Structure • Classified by: • 1) Number of layers • Simple – single layer • Stratified – multiple layers

  9. Epithelial – Structure Classified by: 2) Shape of cells Squamous – fried egg, tiles Cuboidal – cube Columnar - brick

  10. Epithelial Tissues • Function Protective—Barrier to: -water loss -microbes -mechanical injury --Secretion --Absorption --Sensory reception --Movement -Cilia

  11. Types of Epithelial Cells • 1) Simple A) Squamous Single layer Flat cells Passage ways such as lungs, arteries, mesentary Places of diffusion, filtration & secretion—alveoli, capillaries, lymph vessels

  12. Types of Epithelial—Simple • B) Cuboidal • Single layer • Cube-shaped • Covers and lines • Forms tubes/glands • Pancreas, kidney, salivary glands

  13. Types of Epithelial—Simple • C) Columnar • Single Layer – nuclei often on same level • Tall, elongated cells • Lining tissues • Digestive, uterine • Secretion – goblet cells secrete protective mucus

  14. Types of Epithelial • 2) Stratified • A) Squamous • Layered • Often keratinized (protein hardens—water stays inside & chemicals & microorg. kept out) – outermost skin, areas of high stress • Non-keratinized -Mouth, rectum, vagina, esophagous

  15. Types of Epithelial—Stratified • B) Transitional • Many cells thick • Elastic • Bladder, ureters • Appearance • Stretched or relaxed

  16. Types of Epithelial—Stratified • C) Columnar, pseudo- stratified • Appears layered due to nuclei on multiple layers • Often ciliated • Moves product • Respiratory tract • Fallopian tubes • Goblet cells secrete mucus & cilia sweeps away.

  17. The ink of tattoos must be injected below the basement membrane.

  18. It takes about 27 days for the outer layer of skin to shed and be replaced; that works out to 1.5 pounds of skin cells per year. Where does all the dead skin you shed go?

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