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Introduction to Green IT

This seminar provides an overview of Green IT and its integration with building and landscape architecture. Topics include energy-efficient IT architecture, advanced power and cooling, using IT to enhance environmental education and responsibility, and projects promoting green IT alliance.

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Introduction to Green IT

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  1. Introduction to Green IT February 11, 2010 Bellevue Community College Seminar

  2. Agenda • Problem/Background • What is Green IT? • Energy Efficient IT Architecture • Advanced Power and Cooling • Integration with Building and Landscape Architecture • Using IT to enhance environmental education and responsibility • Using IT to save energy • Green IT Alliance Projects • Thin-Client Computer Lab • Grid Computer Project • Solar/Wind Projects • Ornamental Cooling Pond/Living Roof • Interpretive Walk

  3. 1 large, 100,000 sq ft Datacenter 30MW Power Consumption Equivalent Power Consumption of 60,000 individuals Equivalent CO2 Output of 6,700 Households or 23,000 cars Annual Power Bill ~$5.3M @ $0.02/kWhr (Quincy) ~$12.7M @ $0.05/kWhr (Eastern Washington) ~$22.3M @ $0.09/kWhr (National Average) ~$31.8M @ $0.12/kWhr (Green Power Average) Data Center Problem Wild Horse Wind Farm, ~ 230MW Peak, 100 MW average ~ 8,600 Acre Range, 167 Acre Turbine Area, $380 Million Investment Solar @ $6/Watt, 30MW with Eastern Washington insolation ~ 300 Acres of Panel Area, $1.1B investment!

  4. Background Washington State Governor’s Agenda Priorities supportive of Clean Technology Initiatives and Job Growth I-937, LEED for Gov Bldgs, Bio-Diesel Initiatives, etc. National Recognition of Huge Problem associated with Energy Demands for Power/Cooling of IT Infrastructure Fastest Growing Segment of Energy Demand Green Building/Sustainable Architecture is a Major National Thrust Very Little Effort to Address IT Infrastructure Ground Floor Opportunity Exists to Take a Leadership Position in Integrating Green IT Technologies into Green Building Practices

  5. Pullman IPZ • Pullman IPZ Strategy is to Focus on collaborative projects in the following areas • Green IT • Clean Technology • Alternative Energy • Sustainable Architecture • Execute High Profile Projects that Create Future Economic Opportunity • Foster Innovation and Collaboration among the IPZ Partners • Prioritize based upon Future Business Growth Potential

  6. Technical Emphasis Areas Energy Efficient IT Hardware/Software/ Network Architecture Virtualization/Grid Computing/Thin Client Power and Cooling Infrastructure SprayCool/DC Distribution/Power Aware Integration into Building/landscape Architecture Modular Data Centers, Cooling Pond/Radiant Floor Heat/Green Power

  7. Projects • IT Architecture • Thin Client/Virtualization Training Lab • Workgroup Cluster Energy Productivity • Advanced Power and Cooling • Renewable Energy Powered IT • Solar Project • Wind Project • Server Power and Cooling • Liquid Cooling/Waste Heat Re-Use • DC Distribution • Integration with Bldg and Landscape Architecture • Ornamental Cooling Ponds • Living Roofs • Interpretive Walk/Wetland Restoration

  8. Problem Statement Why Data Centers? • Highly energy-intensive and rapidly growing • Consume 10 to 100 times more energy per square foot than a typical office building • Large potential impact on electricity supplyand distribution • Used about 45 billion kWhin 2005 • At current rates, powerrequirements could doublein 5 years.

  9. Key Barriers • Lack of efficiency definitions for equipment and data centers (Being addressed by www.thegreengrid.org) • Service output difficult to measure, varies among applications • Need for metrics and more data: How do we account for computing performance? • Split incentives • Disconnect between IT and facilities managers • Risk aversion • Fear of change and potential downtime; energy efficiency perceived as a change with uncertain value and risk EPA Report: Call for Pilot Projects, Test Centers, Federal Leadership by example

  10. Energy Efficiency Opportunities Power Distribution & Conversions Server Load/ComputingOperations Cooling Equipment

  11. Data Center Energy Use Typical Data Center Energy End Use Power Conversions & Distribution 100 Units 35 Units Cooling Equipment Server Load/ComputingOperations 33 UnitsDelivered

  12. Power Conversion & Distribution Server Load/ComputingOperations Cooling Equipment ElectricityGeneration & TransmissionLosses Delivered Power Typical Energy Flow/Use Fuel Burned at Power Plant

  13. Power Conversion & Distribution Server Load/ComputingOperations Cooling Equipment Typical Energy Flow/Use On-Site Generation further reduces losses and emissions! Electricity Generation & Transmission Losses …ultimately reducing fuel burned at the power plant Reducing power demand and losses Fuel Burned at Power Plant Lowering power conversion losses Delivered Electricity Will reduce cooling needs Reducing server power requirements

  14. On-site generation • CHP applications • Waste heat for cooling • Use of renewable energy • Fuel cells • Better air management • Move to liquid cooling • Optimized chilled-water plants • Use of free cooling Energy Efficiency Opportunities Cooling Equipment Power Conversion & Distribution Server Load/ComputingOperations • Load management • Server innovation • High voltage distribution • Use of DC power • Highly efficient UPS systems • Efficient redundancy strategies AlternativePowerGeneration

  15. Standard PC Thin Client Server Server UPS UPS Meter Meter Thin Client Training Lab

  16. Thin-Client Cluster Monitoring

  17. Thin Client Testing • Tested two exciting new Architectures • “Cloud Computing Model • Managed desktop, reboot to restore, hosted model • ~70% energy reduction, 25% installed cost reduction • X550 “Five head Graphics Adapter style • Standard Windows PC architecture\ • Transparent to user • ~70% energy reduction, 60% installed cost reduction • Both Solar power compatible

  18. IT Metering/Energy Productivity

  19. Energy Productivity

  20. Energy Use by Application Average Utilization (44.98%)

  21. Green Grid Computer • Supercomputer Cluster up! • WSU paid for fiber connection between WSU and GITA • GITA bought additional switch gear to create “grid cluster” • WSU Added nodes with user demand • Future Directions • Add long-haul connections between other campuses and PNNL • Add advanced architectures

  22. Green Grid Cluster

  23. Expanded Cluster

  24. Standard PC Thin Client Server Server UPS UPS Meter Meter Thin Client Training Lab

  25. Renewable Energy Powered Enterprise IT Concepts • Use Renewable Energy as part of mission critical power infrastructure for Enterprise IT Networks • Test Grid-Tie Systems with Battery Back-up to act as the UPS/Back-Up Generation for Enterprise IT Infrastructure • Test Thin-Client Architectures with DC Distribution and Battery Back-UP

  26. Project Objectives • Solar/Wind Project • Install Real Time Weather Monitoring • Wind Speed, Direction, Incident Solar Radiation, Temperature, Humidity, Pressure, etc. • Install All Solar and Wind System • Compare Power Distribution Architectures • Integrate Smart Grid Technology • Create Test Lab for Technical/Economic Assessment • Conduct Education/Outreach and Business Development • Power Data Center/Plug-In Vehicle Charging • Metered Power/Secure Identification • Auto-Connect (Bluetooth or RFID??)

  27. Renewable Energy Project

  28. Renewable Energy Project Traditional Installation ~ $11,000/Server Installation Cost • Cut out 5 conversion steps, should improve efficiency by 50% or more Proposed Installation ~ $6,700/Server Installation Cost*

  29. Architecture Option

  30. Preliminary Results

  31. Preliminary Results • Testing Direct Server Coupling • ~2-3% Efficiency Gain • ~50% Installation Cost Reduction • Testing UPS DC Operating Characteristics/Efficiency

  32. Project Updates • Solar Project Progress • Procured 54 Solar Panels, Outback Inverter, Battery Backup System • Tested three architectures new architectures • Direct Server Coupling at high voltage • Low voltage distribution for client terminals • Grid-tie with battery back-up installed as Server rack UPS • Installation Underway • Issues/Risks • Code compliance for new architectures/UL Certification of designs, new components

  33. Traditional Architecture UPS Standard PC Clients

  34. Grid-Tie Inverter Charge Controller Battery Back-Up Grid-Tie Solar as IT UPS

  35. Battery Back-Up DC Thin Client Architecture 4 to 8 times Less Power than Standard PC’s Grid-Tie Inverter Charger Charge Controller

  36. Solar PC Cluster

  37. Solar Installation

  38. Metered Charging

  39. Advanced Liquid Cooling The use of liquid cooling of servers enables reductions in power by rejecting heat directly outside into ornamental cooling ponds, or the re-use of heat for office heating in the winter.

  40. Ornamental Cooling Ponds Traditional Approach Replace Tower with Pond, in Summer. In Winter, re-use Heat for Office Spaces

  41. Ornamental Cooling Pond

  42.  Water Line    HEAT Server Heat Re-Use

  43. Wind Power

  44. Weather Monitoring and Data Collection

  45. Living Roof

  46. Interpretive Walk Restoration Self Contained Solar Power Kiosk

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